WLS Codebooks

Note: Codebooks contain frequency data from the private data release. For some variables, these differ from the frequencies in the public release. Variables that differ between the public and private versions include "(not available on public release)" as part of the variable description, or a note indicating the difference between the public and private versions.

Mail: Depression

mu001rec              Summary score for clinical evaluation (CESDi).

mu002re               Number of clinical depression questions answered.

mu003rer-mu022rer     Clinical depression items.

mu023rer-mu025rer     Hostility items. 

mu026rec              Hostility index (sum of items).

mu027re               Number of hostility items answered.

mu001rec: Summary score for psychological distress/depression - modified CES-D.

Data source: Graduate Respondent      Collected in: 1992-93      Mode: mail
Source variables: 18, 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d, 18e, 18f, 18g, 18h, 18i, 18j, 18k, 18l, 18m, 18n, 18o, 18p, 18q, 18r, 18s, 18t
Revisions: Updated 3/97     

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 1799 1643 3442
-3 REFUSED/ NOT ASCERTAINED (MU002RE < 10) 33 35 68
0 LOWEST POSSIBLE 207 174 381
1 - 6 707 724 1431
7 - 11 622 732 1354
12 - 18 676 736 1412
19 - 30 578 719 1297
31 - 126 369 563 932
Note: See mu003rer, mu004rer, mu005rer, mu006rer, mu007rer, mu008rer, mu009rer,
mu010rer, mu011rer, mu012rer, mu013rer, mu014rer, mu015rer, mu016rer, mu017rer,
mu018rer, mu019rer, mu020rer, mu021rer, mu022rer.

The questions used to calculate MU001REC are the same as those used
for the standard CES-D. The scoring method differs. MU001REC is a
sum of days R experienced the event. The standard method collapses days
into < 1, 1-2, 3-4 and 5-7 and codes those 0 - 3 respectively; then sums those
codes resulting in a scores from 0-60.
See MU002RE for number of questions answered.

Some respondents answered the first few questions and then stopped.
If these respondents answered at least 10 questions, then a sum is
computed. Other respondents answered questions scattered throughout
page 8 and left the remainder of the questions blank. It was assumed
that these respondents only answered the questions that applied to
them. If at least 3 items throughout the page were answered and all
items answered received a nonzero response; a sum was computed for
MU001REC using 0 as the score for unanswered questions. These cases
have a code of "20" for MU002RE. The level of psychological distress
/depression can range from 0 (the lowest possible) to 140 (the highest
possible).

Additional CESDi items can be found in the 1992-93 Wisconsin
Longitudinal Study phone instrument. See items RU002RE-RU020RE.

There was an error in this variable in versions of the data
prior to March 26, 1997. See Change Notice #7 for a detailed
description of the error.

Questions: 18 18d 18g 18n and 18p were reverse coded prior to summing.

mu002re: Number of psychological distress/depression - modified CES-D items answered.

Data source: Graduate Respondent      Collected in: 1992-93      Mode: mail
Source variables: 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d, 18e, 18f, 18g, 18h, 18i, 18j, 18k, 18l, 18m, 18n, 18o, 18p, 18q, 18r, 18s, 18t
Revisions: Updated 3/97     

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 1799 1643 3442
0 25 28 53
1 3 2 5
2 4 1 5
4 0 3 3
5 0 1 1
9 1 0 1
10 0 2 2
11 0 1 1
12 0 1 1
13 1 1 2
14 1 1 2
15 1 2 3
16 0 3 3
17 2 7 9
18 15 33 48
19 143 217 360
20 2996 3380 6376
Note: See mu003rer, mu004rer, mu005rer, mu006rer, mu007rer, mu008rer, mu009rer,
mu010rer, mu011rer, mu012rer, mu013rer, mu014rer, mu015rer, mu016rer, mu017rer,
mu018rer, mu019rer, mu020rer, mu021rer, mu022rer.

See Appendix G for references on evaluation of CESDi.

This variable was changed on the 3/26/97 update of the Wave 2 data.
See Change Notice #7 for a detailed description of this change.

mu003rer: On how many days during the past week did you feel you could not shake off the blues even with help from your family and friends?

Data source: Graduate Respondent      Collected in: 1992-93      Mode: mail
Source variables: 18a

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 1799 1643 3442
-3 NOT ASCERTAINED/REFUSED 62 60 122
0 Zero Days 2574 2828 5402
1 One Day 318 440 758
2 Two Days 111 165 276
3 Three Days 59 86 145
4 Four Days 28 32 60
5 Five Days 16 37 53
6 Six Days 3 12 15
7 Seven Days 21 23 44

mu004rer: On how many days during the past week did you feel bothered by things that usually don't bother you?

Data source: Graduate Respondent      Collected in: 1992-93      Mode: mail
Source variables: 18b

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 1799 1643 3442
-3 NOT ASCERTAINED/REFUSED 64 70 134
0 Zero Days 2140 2285 4425
1 One Day 635 836 1471
2 Two Days 221 293 514
3 Three Days 74 105 179
4 Four Days 26 39 65
5 Five Days 18 29 47
6 Six Days 0 7 7
7 Seven Days 14 19 33

mu005rer: On how many days during the past week did you think your life had been a failure?

Data source: Graduate Respondent      Collected in: 1992-93      Mode: mail
Source variables: 18c

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 1799 1643 3442
-3 NOT ASCERTAINED/REFUSED 60 64 124
0 Zero Days 2726 3096 5822
1 One Day 231 286 517
2 Two Days 75 91 166
3 Three Days 37 58 95
4 Four Days 21 27 48
5 Five Days 16 28 44
6 Six Days 5 6 11
7 Seven Days 21 27 48

mu006rer: On how many days during the past week did you feel happy?

Data source: Graduate Respondent      Collected in: 1992-93      Mode: mail
Source variables: 18d

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 1799 1643 3442
-3 NOT ASCERTAINED/REFUSED 59 81 140
0 Zero Days 58 60 118
1 One Day 52 55 107
2 Two Days 145 139 284
3 Three Days 235 202 437
4 Four Days 389 364 753
5 Five Days 596 681 1277
6 Six Days 595 749 1344
7 Seven Days 1063 1352 2415
Note: This is the raw data from the survey. This variable was reverse
coded before the creation of the summary variable - MU001REC.

mu007rer: On how many days during the past week did you feel that people were unfriendly?

Data source: Graduate Respondent      Collected in: 1992-93      Mode: mail
Source variables: 18e

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 1799 1643 3442
-3 NOT ASCERTAINED/REFUSED 75 68 143
0 Zero Days 1863 2214 4077
1 One Day 725 860 1585
2 Two Days 298 296 594
3 Three Days 99 106 205
4 Four Days 63 45 108
5 Five Days 32 47 79
6 Six Days 16 25 41
7 Seven Days 21 22 43

mu008rer: On how many days during the past week did you feel lonely?

Data source: Graduate Respondent      Collected in: 1992-93      Mode: mail
Source variables: 18f

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 1799 1643 3442
-3 NOT ASCERTAINED/REFUSED 66 67 133
0 Zero Days 2278 2253 4531
1 One Day 392 624 1016
2 Two Days 193 317 510
3 Three Days 102 145 247
4 Four Days 63 90 153
5 Five Days 43 76 119
6 Six Days 5 38 43
7 Seven Days 50 73 123

mu009rer: On how many days during the past week did you enjoy life?

Data source: Graduate Respondent      Collected in: 1992-93      Mode: mail
Source variables: 18g

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 1799 1643 3442
-3 NOT ASCERTAINED/REFUSED 43 64 107
0 Zero Days 74 67 141
1 One Day 60 73 133
2 Two Days 106 104 210
3 Three Days 160 195 355
4 Four Days 210 268 478
5 Five Days 364 424 788
6 Six Days 461 540 1001
7 Seven Days 1714 1948 3662
Note: This is the raw data from the survey. This variable was reverse
coded before the creation of the summary variable - MU001REC.

mu010rer: On how many days during the past week did you have crying spells?

Data source: Graduate Respondent      Collected in: 1992-93      Mode: mail
Source variables: 18h

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 1799 1643 3442
-3 NOT ASCERTAINED/REFUSED 62 69 131
0 Zero Days 3060 3072 6132
1 One Day 48 304 352
2 Two Days 11 117 128
3 Three Days 2 42 44
4 Four Days 1 31 32
5 Five Days 3 22 25
6 Six Days 3 8 11
7 Seven Days 2 18 20

mu011rer: On how many days during the past week did you feel that people disliked you?

Data source: Graduate Respondent      Collected in: 1992-93      Mode: mail
Source variables: 18i

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 1799 1643 3442
-3 NOT ASCERTAINED/REFUSED 64 56 120
0 Zero Days 2430 2742 5172
1 One Day 442 578 1020
2 Two Days 158 168 326
3 Three Days 50 64 114
4 Four Days 17 21 38
5 Five Days 13 18 31
6 Six Days 3 9 12
7 Seven Days 15 27 42

mu012rer: On how many days during the past week did you feel sad?

Data source: Graduate Respondent      Collected in: 1992-93      Mode: mail
Source variables: 18j

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 1799 1643 3442
-3 NOT ASCERTAINED/REFUSED 57 66 123
0 Zero Days 1980 1626 3606
1 One Day 661 1059 1720
2 Two Days 280 487 767
3 Three Days 93 192 285
4 Four Days 50 97 147
5 Five Days 31 56 87
6 Six Days 6 34 40
7 Seven Days 34 66 100

mu013rer: On how many days during the past week did you feel depressed?

Data source: Graduate Respondent      Collected in: 1992-93      Mode: mail
Source variables: 18k

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 1799 1643 3442
-3 NOT ASCERTAINED/REFUSED 64 60 124
0 Zero Days 2175 2271 4446
1 One Day 520 747 1267
2 Two Days 233 293 526
3 Three Days 91 121 212
4 Four Days 37 69 106
5 Five Days 28 52 80
6 Six Days 10 24 34
7 Seven Days 34 46 80

mu014rer: On how many days during the past week did you have trouble keeping your mind on what you were doing?

Data source: Graduate Respondent      Collected in: 1992-93      Mode: mail
Source variables: 18l

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 1799 1643 3442
-3 NOT ASCERTAINED/REFUSED 61 65 126
0 Zero Days 1766 1931 3697
1 One Day 681 875 1556
2 Two Days 402 449 851
3 Three Days 154 167 321
4 Four Days 59 79 138
5 Five Days 35 51 86
6 Six Days 8 21 29
7 Seven Days 26 45 71

mu015rer: On how many days during the past week did you not feel like eating, your appetite was poor?

Data source: Graduate Respondent      Collected in: 1992-93      Mode: mail
Source variables: 18m

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 1799 1643 3442
-3 NOT ASCERTAINED/REFUSED 61 53 114
0 Zero Days 2773 3124 5897
1 One Day 203 243 446
2 Two Days 82 99 181
3 Three Days 33 63 96
4 Four Days 12 36 48
5 Five Days 7 28 35
6 Six Days 5 15 20
7 Seven Days 16 22 38

mu016rer: On how many days during the past week did you feel you were just as good as other people?

Data source: Graduate Respondent      Collected in: 1992-93      Mode: mail
Source variables: 18n

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 1799 1643 3442
-3 NOT ASCERTAINED/REFUSED 72 76 148
0 Zero Days 310 340 650
1 One Day 51 86 137
2 Two Days 57 95 152
3 Three Days 87 130 217
4 Four Days 114 172 286
5 Five Days 230 275 505
6 Six Days 274 414 688
7 Seven Days 1997 2095 4092
Note: This is the raw data from the survey. This variable was reverse
coded before the creation of the summary variable - MU001REC.

mu017rer: On how many days during the past week did you feel everything you did was an effort?

Data source: Graduate Respondent      Collected in: 1992-93      Mode: mail
Source variables: 18o

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 1799 1643 3442
-3 NOT ASCERTAINED/REFUSED 62 67 129
0 Zero Days 1747 1998 3745
1 One Day 693 792 1485
2 Two Days 317 383 700
3 Three Days 116 165 281
4 Four Days 68 82 150
5 Five Days 67 77 144
6 Six Days 33 33 66
7 Seven Days 89 86 175

mu018rer: On how many days during the past week did you feel hopeful about the future?

Data source: Graduate Respondent      Collected in: 1992-93      Mode: mail
Source variables: 18p

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 1799 1643 3442
-3 NOT ASCERTAINED/REFUSED 53 74 127
0 Zero Days 231 281 512
1 One Day 109 131 240
2 Two Days 146 166 312
3 Three Days 206 198 404
4 Four Days 262 338 600
5 Five Days 367 417 784
6 Six Days 375 475 850
7 Seven Days 1443 1603 3046
Note: This is the raw data from the survey. This variable was reverse
coded before the creation of the summary variable - MU001REC.

mu019rer: On how many days during the past week did you feel fearful?

Data source: Graduate Respondent      Collected in: 1992-93      Mode: mail
Source variables: 18q

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 1799 1643 3442
-3 NOT ASCERTAINED/REFUSED 74 77 151
0 Zero Days 2290 2359 4649
1 One Day 409 634 1043
2 Two Days 189 266 455
3 Three Days 98 128 226
4 Four Days 54 81 135
5 Five Days 29 52 81
6 Six Days 12 23 35
7 Seven Days 37 63 100

mu020rer: On how many days during the past week did you sleep restlessly?

Data source: Graduate Respondent      Collected in: 1992-93      Mode: mail
Source variables: 18r

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 1799 1643 3442
-3 NOT ASCERTAINED/REFUSED 58 55 113
0 Zero Days 1518 1460 2978
1 One Day 637 811 1448
2 Two Days 428 547 975
3 Three Days 206 292 498
4 Four Days 117 156 273
5 Five Days 78 119 197
6 Six Days 45 87 132
7 Seven Days 105 156 261

mu021rer: On how many days during the past week did you talk less than usual?

Data source: Graduate Respondent      Collected in: 1992-93      Mode: mail
Source variables: 18s

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 1799 1643 3442
-3 NOT ASCERTAINED/REFUSED 66 66 132
0 Zero Days 1989 2157 4146
1 One Day 607 791 1398
2 Two Days 344 391 735
3 Three Days 100 143 243
4 Four Days 42 61 103
5 Five Days 20 36 56
6 Six Days 12 22 34
7 Seven Days 12 16 28

mu022rer: On how many days during the past week did you feel you could not get going?

Data source: Graduate Respondent      Collected in: 1992-93      Mode: mail
Source variables: 18t

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 1799 1643 3442
-3 NOT ASCERTAINED/REFUSED 59 68 127
0 Zero Days 1895 1758 3653
1 One Day 681 972 1653
2 Two Days 330 460 790
3 Three Days 107 206 313
4 Four Days 56 93 149
5 Five Days 29 60 89
6 Six Days 7 19 26
7 Seven Days 28 47 75

mu023rer: On how many days during the past week did you feel irritable, or likely to fight or argue?

Data source: Graduate Respondent      Collected in: 1992-93      Mode: mail
Source variables: 18u

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 1799 1643 3442
-3 NOT ASCERTAINED/REFUSED 62 60 122
0 Zero Days 1924 2061 3985
1 One Day 740 985 1725
2 Two Days 306 342 648
3 Three Days 99 136 235
4 Four Days 27 49 76
5 Five Days 16 24 40
6 Six Days 7 9 16
7 Seven Days 11 17 28

mu024rer: On how many days during the past week did you feel like telling someone off?

Data source: Graduate Respondent      Collected in: 1992-93      Mode: mail
Source variables: 18v

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 1799 1643 3442
-3 NOT ASCERTAINED/REFUSED 55 55 110
0 Zero Days 1800 2141 3941
1 One Day 773 929 1702
2 Two Days 314 325 639
3 Three Days 119 98 217
4 Four Days 53 61 114
5 Five Days 41 35 76
6 Six Days 7 11 18
7 Seven Days 30 28 58

mu025rer: On how many days during the past week did you feel angry or hostile for several hours at a time?

Data source: Graduate Respondent      Collected in: 1992-93      Mode: mail
Source variables: 18w

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 1799 1643 3442
-3 NOT ASCERTAINED/REFUSED 62 57 119
0 Zero Days 2460 2800 5260
1 One Day 421 547 968
2 Two Days 148 162 310
3 Three Days 55 51 106
4 Four Days 16 26 42
5 Five Days 15 15 30
6 Six Days 5 8 13
7 Seven Days 10 17 27
Note: Please see Appendix G - COR571A for references on Hostility
items MU023RER-MU025RER.

mu026rec: Summary score for hostility.

Data source: Graduate Respondent      Collected in: 1992-93      Mode: mail
Source variables: 18u, 18v, 18w

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 1799 1643 3442
-3 NOT ASCERTAINED/REFUSED, < 2 valid responses 59 54 113
0 LOWEST POSSIBLE 1422 1556 2978
1 508 630 1138
2 394 554 948
3 - 4 466 511 977
5 - 20 341 369 710
21 HIGHEST POSSIBLE 2 9 11
Note: See mu023rer, mu024rer, mu025rer.

MU026REC is coded with a sum if at least two of the three items (18u,
18v,18w) recieved a valid response. The level of hostility can range
from 0 (the lowest possible) to 21 (the highest possible). See MU027RE
for the number of items included in the sum.

mu027re: Number of hostility items answered.

Data source: Graduate Respondent      Collected in: 1992-93      Mode: mail
Source variables: 18u, 18v, 18w

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 1799 1643 3442
0 52 49 101
1 7 5 12
2 9 15 24
3 3124 3614 6738
Note: See mu023rer, mu024rer, mu025rer.

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