WLS Codebooks

Note: Codebooks contain frequency data from the private data release. For some variables, these differ from the frequencies in the public release. Variables that differ between the public and private versions include "(not available on public release)" as part of the variable description, or a note indicating the difference between the public and private versions.

In Person: Education

JEDUC  Education Module

OVERVIEW

With the exception of some now-defunct questions about the participant's
ratings of their success in several spheres of life, the 2011 Education Module
generally replicates its predecessor from the 2004 collection wave. Information
about the participant's education was collected as follows:

     If previously collected data on the participant's primary schooling was
     deemed insufficient, they were asked about the Wisconsin elementary 
     school they attended for the longest period of time. More specifically,
     they were asked to provide the name of said elementary school, its
     location, and to indicate whether it was a private or parochial school.
     
     Additionally, all participants were asked to update us on their 
     enrollment in post-secondary courses and attainment of post-secondary
     degrees since last being interviewed (2004 for the great majority of 
     them and 1993 for those that did not participate during the 2004 wave). 
     Here, data collected includes the approximate completion date and level
     of any post-secondary degrees earned since the participant's last
     interview.
     
For information about the nature of the Education Module and our educational
data at prior collection waves, please see Appendix B. No new documentation
about educational data was added to the appendix for the 2011 collection wave. 


BRIEF VARIABLE DESCRIPTIONS

    Variable ranges reference dataset/codebook order and are not necessarily 
    alphabetical.
    _____________________________________________________________________
   
    HEDUSTAT-HEDUREL:       Module-Level Status Variables
   
    HB001RE-HB009RED:	    Summary of Educational History Using Data 
    			    Collected in 1993, 2004, and 2011
       	   
    HB010RE,HB012REC: 	    Update of Participant's Educational History 
    			    Since Time of Last Interview
       	  
    HB016RED:               Century-Month Participant Earned Most Recent
    			    Bachelor's Degree Based on 1993, 2004, 
       			    and 2011 Data
                               	
    HB020RED:               Century-Month Participant Earned Most Recent
    			    Degree Based on 1993, 2004, and 2011 Data
                           
    HB122RED:               Indicator for Whether Participant Has Taken 
    			    Any Post-Secondary Courses Since Their Most 
    			    Recent Degree Was Earned
  
    HB027RE:                Indicator for Whether Participant is 
    			    Currently Enrolled in a Formal Program at a
    			    College or University

    HB047RE:	    	    Indicator for Whether Previously Collected 
    			    Data About Participant's Primary Schooling
    			    Was Insufficient	
                          
    HB042RE-HB044RE:   	    Wisconsin Primary School Attendance, Type, 
    			    and Level of Municipal Corporation

hedustat: Was the Education Module completed by Participant alone, with help, or by proxy?

Data source: Graduate Participant or Proxy      Collected in: 2011      Mode: In person & telephone
Source variables: y_eduproxy1, y_eduhelp0, capiproxy, y_proxy, y_ivwloc

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 2146 2019 4165
-30 NOT PART OF MOSAQ 68 116 184
-28 NOT ASKED OF PARTICIPANT OVER TELEPHONE 45 65 110
-4 NOT ASCERTAINED 1 0 1
1 R COMPLETED ALONE 2472 2992 5464
2 R COMPLETED ALONE WITH SOMEONE ELSE IN THE ROOM 235 115 350
3 R RECEIVED A LITTLE HELP 9 0 9
4 R RECEIVED A LOT OF HELP 1 2 3
7 WHOLE INTERVIEW DONE BY PROXY 14 17 31
Note: For many cases a participant's spouse or other family member was present during the interview. This sometimes resulted in the participant relying on the other person for help in answering some or many of the questions. At the end of each module the interviewer indicated the amount of help the participant received and who provided that help. That assessment is covered by codes 1 through 5. Additionally, a code of 7 indicates that the entire interview was administered to a proxy while a code of 6 indicates that this particular module was answered by a proxy but other modules were answered by the participant.

hedurel: Relationship of Education Module helper or proxy to Participant.

Data source: Graduate Participant or Proxy      Collected in: 2011      Mode: In person & telephone
Source variables: HEDUSTAT, y_eduproxy1, y_eduhelp0, y_eduhelp1, y_eduhelp2_hfn, y_eduhelp3, y_h1fn-y_h4fn, y_pfn, prxyfnam, y_p1fn-y_p5fn, y_prel, prxyrel, y_p1rel-y_p5rel

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 2146 2019 4165
-30 NOT PART OF MOSAQ 68 116 184
-28 NOT ASKED OF PARTICIPANT OVER TELEPHONE 45 65 110
-4 NOT ASCERTAINED 1 1 2
-2 2707 3107 5814
0 SPOUSE 21 12 33
2 BROTHER 1 0 1
8 DAUGHTER 1 2 3
25 FRIEND 0 1 1
48 SON 1 3 4
Note: If this module was administered via proxy or if the participant received help answering the questions in this module then we record the relationship of the proxy/helper to the participant. Although most participants relied on only one helper or proxy for the interview, some had more than one. Thus the value of the relationship code may vary across the modules.

hb001re: Summary of ever attended college.

Data source: Graduate Participant or Proxy      Collected in: 2011      Mode: In person & telephone
Source variables: y_b3a, y_ANYR, GB001RE, RB001RE

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 2146 2019 4165
-30 NOT PART OF MOSAQ 68 116 184
-3 REFUSED 1 0 1
-1 DON'T KNOW 1 1 2
1 YES 1595 1518 3113
2 NO 1180 1672 2852
Note: If our data from the last collection wave in which the participant was interviewed affirmatively indicate they have attended college at some point, this variable has been assigned a value of "1," signifying "yes". If, on the other hand, we have no conclusive record of the participant ever attending college, this variable reflects their response (including refusals and don't knows) to the following survey question (y_b3a): "since the beginning of [year of last interview], have you taken any courses for credit in a four-year college or university or a two-year college?"

hb005rec: Level of highest degree since high school.

Data source: Graduate Participant or Proxy      Collected in: 2011      Mode: In person & telephone
Source variables: HB001RE, y_b3k, c_y_b3k, y_ANYR, GB005REC, RB005REC

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 2146 2019 4165
-30 NOT PART OF MOSAQ 68 116 184
-2 1737 2321 4058
1 ASSOCIATE'S DEGREE 67 97 164
2 BACHELOR'S DEGREE 494 495 989
3 MASTER'S DEGREE 322 239 561
4 DOCTORATE OR PROFESSIONAL DEGREE 157 36 193
5 COLLEGE CERTIFICATE NOT CLASSIFIED ELSEWHERE 0 3 3
Note: If we lack valid data on the level of the participant's highest degree from the last collection wave in which they were interviewed (whether because they never actually earned a degree or for some other reason) and no new degree was reported in 2011, this variable has been assigned a value of "-2".
Note: Professional Master's programs such as law or business were assigned values of "4," signifying "Doctorate or Professional Degree". This is because such programs normally take 3 years to complete, as opposed to the 2 years required for a typical Master's degree.

hb007rec: Level of most recent degree since high school.

Data source: Graduate Participant or Proxy      Collected in: 2011      Mode: In person & telephone
Source variables: HB001RE, y_b3k, c_y_b3k, y_ANYR, GB007REC, RB007REC

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 2146 2019 4165
-30 NOT PART OF MOSAQ 68 116 184
-4 NOT ASCERTAINED 1 0 1
-2 1737 2321 4058
1 ASSOCIATE'S DEGREE 67 103 170
2 BACHELOR'S DEGREE 494 492 986
3 MASTER'S DEGREE 323 242 565
4 DOCTORATE OR PROFESSIONAL DEGREE 155 30 185
5 COLLEGE CERTIFICATE NOT CLASSIFIED ELSEWHERE 0 3 3
Note: If we lack valid data on the level of the participant's most recent degree from the last collection wave in which they were interviewed (whether because they never actually earned a degree or for some other reason) and no new degree was reported in 2011, this variable has been assigned a value of "-2".
Note: Professional Master's programs such as law or business were assigned values of "4," signifying "Doctorate or Professional Degree". This is because such programs normally take 3 years to complete, as opposed to the 2 years required for a typical Master's degree.

hb103red: Summary of equivalent years of regular education based on highest degree.

Data source: Graduate Participant or Proxy      Collected in: 2011      Mode: In person & telephone
Source variables: y_b3k, c_y_b3k, y_ANYR, GB103RED, RB003RED

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 2146 2019 4165
-30 NOT PART OF MOSAQ 68 116 184
-4 NOT ASCERTAINED 1 0 1
12 COMPLETED HIGH SCHOOL / LESS THAN ONE YEAR OF COLLEGE 1360 1927 3287
13 ONE YEAR OF COLLEGE 142 186 328
14 ASSOCIATE'S DEGREE / TWO YEARS OF COLLEGE 198 208 406
15 THREE OR MORE YEARS COLLEGE 103 104 207
16 BACHELOR'S DEGREE 409 433 842
17 MASTER'S DEGREE 121 130 251
18 TWO-YEAR MASTER'S 239 154 393
19 PROFESSIONAL DEGREES, ONE OR MORE YEARS POST-TWO-YEAR-MASTER'S 92 22 114
20 PhD, MD (See note) 112 25 137
21 POST DOCTORATE EDUCATION 0 2 2
Note: Prior to the 2004 collection wave, the number of years required to complete each post-secondary degree - as well as the major field of study associated with it - were directly ascertained during interviews. Beginning in 2004, however, we started simply asking for an update on the participant's enrollment in college courses and attainment of degrees. As a result of this shift in interview focus, we have not been able to construct intermediate categories for college attendance that did not result in a degree (e.g. "13," signifying one year of college) since the 1993 wave. Instead, we - in 2004 - began making certain assumptions about how many years it took participants to earn newly reported highest degrees. The codes associated with each of the four types of degrees we recognize are as follows: Associate's degree = 14; Bachelor's degree = 16; Master's degree = 18; Doctorate or Professional degree = 20. HB009RED, HB012REC, GB009RED, and GB012REC can be used to isolate all graduate participants about whom these assumptions were made when constructing HB103RED.

hb104red: Summary of equivalent years of regular education based on most recent degree.

Data source: Graduate Participant or Proxy      Collected in: 2011      Mode: In person & telephone
Source variables: y_b3k, c_y_b3k, y_ANYR, GB104RED, RB004RED

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 2146 2019 4165
-30 NOT PART OF MOSAQ 68 116 184
-4 NOT ASCERTAINED 1 0 1
5 COMPLETED 5 YEARS OF SCHOOL 0 3 3
12 COMPLETED HIGH SCHOOL / LESS THAN ONE YEAR OF COLLEGE 1360 1926 3286
13 ONE YEAR OF COLLEGE 142 186 328
14 ASSOCIATE'S DEGREE / TWO YEARS OF COLLEGE 200 214 414
15 THREE OR MORE YEARS COLLEGE 103 108 211
16 BACHELOR'S DEGREE 410 428 838
17 MASTER'S DEGREE 121 127 248
18 TWO-YEAR MASTER'S 243 158 401
19 PROFESSIONAL DEGREES, ONE OR MORE YEARS POST-TWO-YEAR-MASTER'S 86 20 106
20 PhD, MD (See note) 111 21 132
Note: Prior to the 2004 collection wave, the number of years required to complete each post-secondary degree - as well as the major field of study associated with it - were directly ascertained during interviews. Beginning in 2004, however, we started simply asking for an update on the participant's enrollment in college courses and attainment of degrees. As a result of this shift in interview focus, we have not been able to construct intermediate categories for college attendance that did not result in a degree (e.g. "13," signifying one year of college) since the 1993 wave. Instead, we - in 2004 - began making certain assumptions about how many years it took participants to earn newly reported degrees. The codes associated with each of the four types of degrees we recognize are as follows: Associate's degree = 14; Bachelor's degree = 16; Master's degree = 18; Doctorate or Professional degree = 20. HB012REC can be used to isolate all graduate participants about whom these assumptions were made when constructing HB104RED.

hb009red: Flag comparing highest degree levels between last interview and 2011 interview.

Data source: Graduate Participant or Proxy      Collected in: 2011      Mode: In person & telephone
Source variables: y_b3j, HB005REC, y_ANYR, GB005REC, RB005REC

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 2146 2019 4165
-30 NOT PART OF MOSAQ 68 116 184
-4 NOT ASCERTAINED 3 3 6
0 NO ADDITIONAL DEGREE IN 2011 (Incl. Never Attended/Graduated College) 2770 3177 5947
1 HIGHEST DEGREE LEVEL AT LAST INTVW. LOWER THAN 2011 HIGHEST LEVEL 0 2 2
2 HIGHEST DEGREE LEVEL AT LAST INTVW. EQUAL TO 2011 HIGHEST LEVEL 4 9 13
Note: Values of "-4," signifying not ascertained, were assigned to participants known to hold a college degree but for whom valid data on highest degree level was unavailable for either the last collection wave in which they were interviewed or the 2011 wave.

hb010re: Since you were last interviewed have you taken any courses for credit in a four-year college or university or a two-year college?

Data source: Graduate Participant or Proxy      Collected in: 2011      Mode: In person & telephone
Source variables: y_b3a

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 2146 2019 4165
-30 NOT PART OF MOSAQ 68 116 184
-3 REFUSED 1 0 1
-1 DON'T KNOW 2 3 5
1 YES 60 94 154
2 NO 2714 3094 5808
Note: Participants were instructed not to include commercial, vocational or technical training, apprenticeships, or on-the-job training.
Note: The great majority of participants were last interviewed during the 2004 collection wave; all others were last interviewed during the 1993 wave.

hb012rec: Have you earned a degree from a college or university since you were last interviewed?

Data source: Graduate Participant or Proxy      Collected in: 2011      Mode: In person & telephone
Source variables: HB010RE, y_b3j

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 2146 2019 4165
-30 NOT PART OF MOSAQ 68 116 184
-2 2717 3097 5814
1 YES 7 14 21
2 NO 53 80 133
Note: The great majority of participants were last interviewed during the 2004 collection wave; all others were last interviewed during the 1993 wave.

hb016red: Century-month completed most recently reported Bachelor's degree or its equivalent.

Data source: Graduate Participant or Proxy      Collected in: 2011      Mode: In person & telephone
Source variables: HB005REC, y_b3j, y_b3k, c_y_b3k, y_b3q92, y_b3r, y_b3s, y_ANYR, GB016RED, RB016RED

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 2146 2019 4165
-30 NOT PART OF MOSAQ 68 116 184
-4 NOT ASCERTAINED 11 11 22
-2 1804 2418 4222
726 - 738 343 377 720
739 - 752 243 101 344
753 - 817 261 84 345
820 - 1264 115 200 315
Note: Century-months are the months elapsed since the beginning of the year 1900. Following the conventions laid out in Appendix O's cor607, months are assigned to seasons based on their mid-points: Spring = April (4); Summer = July (7); Fall = October (10); and Winter = January (1). If the participant specified that their degree was completed in early Winter, December (12) was assigned, January (1) being assigned for those who reported completion in late Winter. If data on the season in which the participant completed their degree was unavailable, the exact century-month of completion was approximated using June (6), the middlemost month of the year.

hb020red: Century-month completed most recent degree.

Data source: Graduate Participant or Proxy      Collected in: 2011      Mode: In person & telephone
Source variables: HB007REC, HB012REC, y_b3q92, y_b3r, y_b3s, y_ANYR, GB020RED, RB020RED

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 2146 2019 4165
-30 NOT PART OF MOSAQ 68 116 184
-4 NOT ASCERTAINED 4 4 8
-2 1738 2321 4059
-1 DON'T KNOW 1 0 1
699 - 738 143 281 424
739 - 774 278 113 391
775 - 836 305 79 384
837 - 964 232 154 386
967 - 1327 76 239 315
Note: Century-months are the months elapsed since the beginning of the year 1900. Following the conventions laid out in Appendix O's cor607, months are assigned to seasons based on their mid-points: Spring = April (4); Summer = July (7); Fall = October (10); and Winter = January (1). If the participant specified that their degree was completed in early Winter, December (12) was assigned, January (1) being assigned for those who reported completion in late Winter. If data on the season in which the participant completed their degree was unavailable, the exact century-month of completion was approximated using June (6), the middlemost month of the year.

hb122red: Has Participant taken any courses for credit in a four-year college or university or a two-year college since obtaining most recent degree?

Data source: Graduate Participant or Proxy      Collected in: 2011      Mode: In person & telephone
Source variables: HB007REC, y_b3a, y_b3j, y_ANYR, GB122RED, RB022RED

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 2146 2019 4165
-30 NOT PART OF MOSAQ 68 116 184
-4 NOT ASCERTAINED 9 21 30
-2 1738 2321 4059
-1 DON'T KNOW 1 2 3
1 YES 124 193 317
2 NO 905 654 1559
Note: Prior to the 2004 collection wave, data about enrollment in college courses and attainment of college degrees was collected in a way that allowed for determining their timing relative to each other (see RB022RED from the 1993 collection wave). Since 2004, however, we have simply asked participants for an update on their new enrollments and degrees (if applicable) without inquiring as to respective timing. As a result, we can only continue to establish the precedence of degrees to courses for participants who have not reported earning any new degrees since the 1993 wave. It is for this reason that HB122RED only partially replicates RB022RED; participants who have both earned college degrees and taken courses since 1993 (whether the courses taken contributed towards the degree or were independent of it) have been coded as "not ascertained" on this variable.
Note: Participants who refused or did not know when asked about taking college courses for credit (y_b3a) or earning degrees (y_b3j) since last being interviewed have been coded accordingly on HB122RED.

hb027re: Is Participant currently enrolled in a formal program in a college or university?

Data source: Graduate Participant or Proxy      Collected in: 2011      Mode: In person & telephone
Source variables: HB010RE, y_b3si

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 2146 2019 4165
-30 NOT PART OF MOSAQ 68 116 184
-2 2717 3097 5814
1 YES 6 6 12
2 NO 54 88 142
Note: Participants were instructed not to include commercial, vocational or technical training, apprenticeships, or on-the-job training.

hb047re: Summary of whether previously collected data about Participant's primary schooling was insufficient.

Data source: Graduate Participant or Proxy      Collected in: 2011      Mode: In person & telephone
Source variables: y_ED_VERIFY

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 2146 2019 4165
-30 NOT PART OF MOSAQ 68 116 184
1 YES, COLLECTED MORE PUBLIC SCHOOL DATA IN 2011 58 83 141
2 YES, DETERMINED IF ATTENDED PRIVATE/PAROCHIAL SCHOOL IN 2011 371 431 802
3 YES, COLLECTED MORE DATA AND DETERMINED IF ATTENDED PRIVATE/PAROCHIAL SCHOOL IN 2011 18 22 40
4 NO, DID NOT COLLECT PRIMARY SCHOOL DATA IN 2011 2330 2655 4985
Note: Data about Wisconsin primary school attendance was first collected in detail from a randomly selected 50% sub-sample of all participants (graduates and siblings) during the 2004 collection wave. If insufficient data was collected from graduate participants in said sub-sample, we attempted to reconcile it during the 2011 wave. No attempt to collect 2011 data on Wisconsin primary school attendance was made for participants who did not belong to the original sub-sample (this includes all participants who were last interviewed during the 1993 wave); such participants have been assigned a value of "4" on this variable.
Note: No analogous variable constructed for sibling participants; data about primary schooling was only collected for graduate participants during the 2011 wave.

hb042re: Summary of ever attended primary or elementary school in Wisconsin.

Data source: Graduate Participant or Proxy      Collected in: 2011      Mode: In person & telephone
Source variables: HB047RE, y_1an, y_ANYR, GB042RE

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 2146 2019 4165
-30 NOT PART OF MOSAQ 68 116 184
-4 NOT ASCERTAINED 153 178 331
1 YES 2544 2952 5496
2 NO 80 61 141
Note: Although data about Wisconsin primary school attendance was only collected in detail from a randomly selected 50% sub-sample of participants during the 2004 collection wave, all 2004 participants were asked if they ever attended primary school in Wisconsin. No attempt to determine as much was made in 2011 for participants who were last interviewed during the 1993 wave; such participants have been coded as "not ascertained" on this variable.
Note: No analogous variable constructed for sibling participants; data about primary schooling was only collected for graduate participants during the 2011 wave (see HB047RE).

hb430re: Was your main Wisconsin primary or elementary school a private or parochial school?

Data source: Graduate Participant or Proxy      Collected in: 2011      Mode: In person & telephone
Source variables: HB042RE, HB047RE, y_2b

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 2146 2019 4165
-30 NOT PART OF MOSAQ 68 116 184
-3 REFUSED 1 0 1
-2 2330 2655 4985
-1 DON'T KNOW 0 4 4
1 YES, PRIVATE/PAROCHIAL SCHOOL 391 459 850
2 NO 55 73 128
Note: By "main" Wisconsin primary or elementary school, we mean whichever one the participant attended for the longest period of time.
Note: No analogous variable constructed for sibling participants; data about primary schooling was only collected for graduate participants during the 2011 wave (see HB047RE).

hb044re: Was main Wisconsin primary or elementary school Participant attended located in a city, town, or rural area?

Data source: Graduate Participant or Proxy      Collected in: 2011      Mode: In person & telephone
Source variables: HB042RE, HB047RE, y_1b, y_ANYR, GB044RE

Frequencies
Value Label Male Female Total
. System missing - NR 2146 2019 4165
-30 NOT PART OF MOSAQ 68 116 184
-4 NOT ASCERTAINED 1289 1455 2744
-2 233 239 472
1 CITY 694 786 1480
2 TOWN 229 286 515
3 RURAL AREA 318 416 734
4 VILLAGE 14 9 23
Note: By "main" Wisconsin primary or elementary school, we mean whichever one the participant attended for the longest period of time.
Note: Data about Wisconsin primary school attendance was first collected in detail from a randomly selected 50% sub-sample of all participants (graduates and siblings) during the 2004 collection wave. If insufficient data was collected from graduate participants in said sub-sample, we attempted to reconcile it during the 2011 wave (see HB047RE). No attempt to collect 2011 data on Wisconsin primary school attendance was made for participants who did not belong to the original sub-sample (this includes all participants who were last interviewed during the 1993 wave); such participants have been coded as "not ascertained" on this variable.
Note: No analogous variable constructed for sibling participants; data about primary schooling was only collected for graduate participants during the 2011 wave.

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