APPENDIX F SOCIO-ECONOMIC INDEX AND EQUIVALENT NORC PRESTIGE SCORE FOR OCCUPATIONS IN THE DETAILED CLASSIFICATION OF THE BUREAU OF THE CENSUS: 1950 (See end of table for explanation of "Notes") Socio- Equivalent Occupations, By Major Occupation Group Economic NORC Prestige Index Score-- Notes Professional, technical, and kindred workers 001 Accountants and auditors ------------------ 78 80 a 002 Actors and actresses ---------------------- 60 74 003 Airplane pilots and navigators ------------ 79 81 a 004 Architects -------------------------------- 90 86 a 005 Artists and art teachers ------------------ 67 76 b 006 Athletes ---------------------------------- 52 71 007 Authors and writers ----------------------- 76 80 a 008 Chemists ---------------------------------- 79 81 a 009 Chiropractors ----------------------------- 75 79 010 Clergymen --------------------------------- 52 71 a 0ll College presidents, professors, and instructors (n.e.c.) ---------------------- 84 83 a 012 Dancers and dancing teachers -------------- 45 69 013 Dentists ---------------------------------- 96 93 a 014 Designers --------------------------------- 73 79 015 Dietitians and nutritionists -------------- 39 67 d 016 Draftsmen --------------------------------- 67 76 017 Editors and reporters --------------------- 82 82 a 018 Engineers, technical ---------------------- 85 83 c 019 Aeronautical ------------------------------ 87 85 020 Chemical ---------------------------------- 90 87 021 Civil ------------------------------------- 84 83 a 022 Electrical -------------------------------- 84 83 023 Industrial -------------------------------- 86 84 024 Mechanical -------------------------------- 82 83 025 Metallurgical, and metallurgists ---------- 82 83 026 Mining ------------------------------------ 85 83 027 Not elsewhere classified ------------------ 87 85 028 Entertainers (n.e.c.) ------------------------ 31 64 029 Farm and home management advisors ------------ 83 83 b 030 Foresters and conservationists --------------- 48 70 031 Funeral directors and embalmers -------------- 59 74 a 032 Lawyers and judges --------------------------- 93 89 a 033 Librarians ----------------------------------- 60 74 034 Musicians and music teachers ----------------- 52 71 b 035 Natural scientists (n.e.c.) ------------------ 80 81 b 036 Nurses, professional ------------------------- 46 70 037 Nurses, student professional ----------------- 51 71 d 038 Optometrists --------------------------------- 79 81 039 Osteopaths ----------------------------------- 86 93 040 Personnel and labor relations workers -------- 84 83 041 Pharmacists ---------------------------------- 82 82 042 Photographers -------------------------------- 50 71 043 Physicians and surgeons ---------------------- 92 89 a 044 Radio operators ------------------------------ 69 77 045 Recreation and group workers ----------------- 67 76 b 046 Religious workers ---------------------------- 56 72 047 Social and welfare workers, except group ----- 64 75 a 048 Social scientists ---------------------------- 81 82 b 049 Sports instructors and officials ------------- 64 75 050 Surveyors ------------------------------------ 48 70 051 Teachers (n.e.c.) ---------------------------- 72 78 a 052 Technicians, medical and dental -------------- 48 70 053 Technicians, testing ------------------------- 53 72 054 Technicians (n.e.c.) ------------------------- 62 74 055 Therapists and healers (n.e.c.) -------------- 58 73 056 Veterinarians -------------------------------- 78 81 057 Professional, technical, and kindred workers (n.e.c.) ------------------------------------- 65 75 Farmers and farm managers 058 Farmers (owners and tenants) ----------------- 14 53 b 059 Farm managers -------------------------------- 36 66 Managers, officials, and proprietors, except farm 060 Buyers and department heads, store ------------ 72 78 061 Buyers and shippers, farm products ------------ 33 65 062 Conductors, railroad -------------------------- 58 73 a 063 Credit men ------------------------------------ 74 79 064 Floormen and floor managers, store ------------ 50 71 065 Inspectors, public administration ------------- 63 75 c 066 Federal public administration and postal service --------------------------------------- 72 78 067 State public administration ------------------- 54 72 068 Local public administration ------------------- 56 72 069 Managers and superintendents, building -------- 32 65 070 Officers, pilots, pursers, and engineers, ship ------------------------------------------ 54 72 071 Officials and administrators (n.e.c.), public administration -------------------------------- 66 76 c 072 Federal public administration and postal service --------------------------------------- 84 83 073 State public administration ------------------- 66 76 074 Local public administration ------------------- 54 72 075 Officials, lodge, society, union, etc --------- 58 73 b 076 Postmasters ----------------------------------- 60 74 077 Purchasing agents and buyers (n.e.c.) --------- 77 80 078 Managers, officials, and proprietors (n.e.c.) salaried -------------------------------------- 68 77 c 079 Construction ---------------------------------- 60 74 080 Manufacturing --------------------------------- 79 81 081 Transportation -------------------------------- 71 78 082 Telecommunications & utilities & sanitary services -------------------------------------- 76 80 083 Wholesale trade ------------------------------- 70 77 084 Retail trade ---------------------------------- 56 72 c 085 Food and dairy products stores, and milk retailing ------------------------------------- 50 70 086 General merchandise and 5 & 10 cents stores --- 68 77 087 Apparel and accessories stores ---------------- 69 77 088 Furniture, home furnishings, and equipment stores ---------------------------------------- 68 77 089 Motor vehicles and accessories retailing ------ 65 75 090 Gasoline service stations --------------------- 31 65 091 Eating and drinking places -------------------- 39 68 092 Hardware, farm implement & building material retail ---------------------------------------- 64 75 093 Other retail trade ---------------------------- 59 74 094 Banking and other finance --------------------- 85 84 095 Insurance and real estate --------------------- 84 83 096 Business services ----------------------------- 80 81 097 Automobile repair services and garages -------- 47 70 098 Miscellaneous repair services ----------------- 53 71 099 Personal services ----------------------------- 50 71 100 All other industries (incl. not reported) ----- 62 74 101 Managers, officials, & proprietors (n.e.c.) self-employed --------------------------------- 48 70 c 102 Construction ---------------------------------- 51 71 a 103 Manufacturing --------------------------------- 61 74 a 104 Transportation -------------------------------- 43 69 105 Telecommunications & utilities & sanitary services -------------------------------------- 44 69 106 Wholesale trade ------------------------------- 59 74 107 Retail trade ---------------------------------- 43 69 a,c 108 Food and dairy products stores, & milk retailing ------------------------------------- 33 65 109 General merchandise and 5 & 10~ stores -------- 47 70 110 Apparel and accessories stores ---------------- 65 75 111 Furniture, home furnishings & equipment stores ---------------------------------------- 59 73 112 Motor vehicles and accessories retailing ------ 70 77 113 Gasoline service stations --------------------- 33 65 114 Eating and drinking places -------------------- 37 67 b 115 Hardware, farm implement & building material retail ---------------------------------------- 61 74 116 Other retail trade ---------------------------- 49 70 117 Banking and other finance --------------------- 85 84 118 Insurance and real estate --------------------- 76 80 119 Business services ----------------------------- 67 76 120 Automobile repair services and garages -------- 36 66 121 Miscellaneous repair services ----------------- 34 65 122 Personal services ----------------------------- 41 68 123 All other industries (incl. not reported) ----- 49 70 Clerical and kindred workers 124 Agents (n.e.c.) ------------------------------- 68 77 125 Attendants and assistant, library ------------- 44 69 d 126 Attendants, physician's and dentist's office--- 38 67 d 127 Baggagemen, transportation -------------------- 25 61 128 Bank tellers ---------------------------------- 52 71 129 Bookkeepers ----------------------------------- 51 71 a 130 Cashiers -------------------------------------- 44 69 131 Collectors, bill and account ------------------ 39 68 132 Dispatchers and starters, vehicle ------------- 40 68 133 Express messengers and railway mail clerks ---- 67 76 134 Mail carriers --------------------------------- 53 71 135 Messengers and office boys -------------------- 28 63 136 Office machine operators ---------------------- 45 69 137 Shipping and receiving clerks ----------------- 22 60 138 Stenographers, typists, and secretaries ------- 61 74 139 Telegraph messengers -------------------------- 22 59 140 Telegraph operators --------------------------- 47 70 141 Telephone operators --------------------------- 45 69 142 Ticket, station, and express agents ----------- 60 74 143 Clerical and kindred workers (n.e.c.)---------- 44 69 Sales Workers 144 Advertising agents and salesmen --------------- 66 76 145 Auctioneers ----------------------------------- 40 68 146 Demonstrators --------------------------------- 35 66 147 Hucksters and peddlers ------------------------ 08 46 148 Insurance agents and brokers~ ----------------- 66 76 a 149 Newsboys -------------------------------------- 27 63 150 Real estate agents and brokers----------------- 62 74 151 Stock and bond salesmen ----------------------- 73 79 152 Salesmen and sales clerks---------------------- 47 70 c 153 Manufacturing --------------------------------- 65 75 154 Wholesale trade ------------------------------- 61 74 b 155 Retail trade ---------------------------------- 39 67 a 156 Other industries (Inc. not reported)----------- 50 71 Craftsmen, Foremen, and Kindred Workers 157 Bakers ---------------------------------------- 22 60 158 Blacksmiths ----------------------------------- 16 55 159 Boilermakers ---------------------------------- 33 6S 160 Bookbinders ----------------------------------- 39 67 161 Brickmasons, stonemasons, and tile setters----- 27 62 162 Cabinetmakers --------------------------------- 23 60 163 Carpenters ------------------------------------ 19 58 a 164 Cement and concrete finishers ----------------- 19 58 165 Compositors and typesetters, linotype operator -------------------------------------- 52 71 166 Cranemen, derrickmen, and hoistmen ------------ 21 59 167 Decorators and window dressers ---------------- 40 68 168 Electricians ---------------------------------- 44 69 a 169 Electrotypers and stereotypers ---------------- 55 72 170 Engravers, except photoengravers -------------- 47 70 171 Excavating, grading, and road machinery operators ------------------------------------- 24 61 172 Foremen (n.e.c.) ------------------------------ 49 70 c 173 Construction ---------------------------------- 40 68 174 Manufacturing --------------------------------- 53 71 c 175 Metal industries ------------------------------ 54 72 176 Machinery, including electrical --------------- 60 74 177 Transportation equipment ---------------------- 66 76 178 Other durable goods --------------------------- 41 68 179 Textiles, textile products &apparel ----------- 39 68 180 Other nondurable goods (incl. not specified mfg.)------------------------------------------ 53 72 181 Railroads and railway express service --------- 36 66 182 Transportation, except railroad --------------- 45 69 183 Telecommunications, utilities & sanitary services -------------------------------------- 56 73 184 Other industries (incl. not reported) --------- 44 69 185 Forgemen and hammermen ------------------------ 23 60 186 Furriers -------------------------------------- 39 67 187 Glaziers -------------------------------------- 26 62 188 Heat treaters, annealers, and temperers ------- 22 60 189 Inspectors, scalers, and graders,log & lumber ---------------------------------------- 23 60 190 Inspectors (n.e.c.) --------------------------- 41 68 c 191 Construction ---------------------------------- 46 70 192 Railroads and railway express service --------- 41 68 193 Transport exc. r.r. communication & other public utilities ------------------------------ 45 69 194 Other industries (incl. not reported) --------- 38 67 195 Jewelers, watchmakers, goldsmiths, and silversmiths ---------------------------------- 36 66 196 Job setters, metal ---------------------------- 28 63 197 Linemen 4 servicemen, telegraph, telephone & power ----------------------------------------- 49 70 198 Locomotive engineers -------------------------- 58 73 a 199 Locomotive firemen ---------------------------- 45 69 200 Loom fixers ----------------------------------- 10 49 201 Machinists ------------------------------------ 33 65 a 202 Mechanics and repairmen ----------------------- 25 61 c 203 Airplane -------------------------------------- 48 70 204 Automobile ------------------------------------ 19 58 a 205 Office machine -------------------------------- 36 66 206 Radio and television -------------------------- 36 66 207 Railroad and car shop ------------------------- 23 60 208 Not elsewhere classified ---------------------- 27 62 209 Millers, grain, flour, feed, etc. 19 58 210 Millwrights ----------------------------------- 31 65 211 Molders, metal -------------------------------- 12 51 212 Motion picture projectionists ----------------- 43 69 213 Opticians and lens grinders and polishers ----- 39 67 214 Painters, construction and maintenance -------- 16 56 215 Paperhangers ---------------------------------- 10 48 216 Pattern and model makers, except paper -------- 44 69 217 Photoengravers and lithographers--------------- 64 75 218 Piano and organ tuners and repairmen ---------- 38 67 219 Plasterers ------------------------------------ 25 61 220 Plumbers and pipe fitters --------------------- 34 66 a 221 Pressmen and plate printers, printing --------- 49 70 222 Rollers and roll hands, metal ----------------- 22 60 223 Roofers and slaters --------------------------- 15 54 224 Shoemakers and repairers, except fact6ry ------ 12 51 225 Stationary engineers -------------------------- 47 70 226 Stone cutters and stone carvers --------------- 25 61 227 Structural metal workers ---------------------- 34 66 228 Tailors and tailoresses ----------------------- 23 60 229 Tinsmiths, coppersmiths, and sheet metal workers --------------------------------------- 33 65 230 Toolmakers, and die makers and setters -------- 50 71 231 Upholsterers ---------------------------------- 22 60 232 Craftsmen and kindred workers (n.e.c.) -------- 32 65 233 Members of the armed forces ------------------- 18 56 e Operatives and Kindred Workers 234 Apprentices -------------------------------------- 35 66 c 235 Auto mechanics ----------------------------------- 25 61 236 Bricklayers and masons --------------------------- 32 65 237 Carpenters --------------------------------------- 31 64 238 Electricians ------------------------------------- 37 67 239 Machinists and toolmakers ------------------------ 41 68 240 Mechanics, except auto --------------------------- 34 66 241 Plumbers and pipe fitters ------------------------ 33 65 242 Building trades (n.e.c.) ------------------------- 29 63 243 Metalworking trades (n.e.c.) --------------------- 33 65 244 Printing trades ---------------------------------- 40 68 245 Other specified trades --------------------------- 31 64 246 Trade not specified ------------------------------ 39 67 247 Asbestos and insulation workers ------------------ 32 65 248 Attendants, auto service and parking ------------- 19 58 a 249 Blasters and powdermen --------------------------- 11 50 250 Boatmen, canalmen, and lock keepers -------------- 24 61 251 Brakemen, railroad ------------------------------- 42 69 252 Bus drivers -------------------------------------- 24 61 253 Chainmen, roadmen, and axmen, surveying ----------- 25 61 254 Conductors, bus and street railway --------------- 30 64 255 Deliverymen and routemen ------------------------- 32 65 256 Dressmakers and seamstresses, except factory------ 23 60 257 Dyers -------------------------------------------- 12 51 258 Filers, grinders, and polishers, metal ----------- 22 59 259 Fruit,, nut & vegetable graders & packers, exc. factory ------------------------------------- 10 48 260 Furnacemen, smeltermen, and pourers -------------- 18 57 261 Heaters, metal ----------------------------------- 29 64 262 Laundry and dry cleaning operatives -------------- 15 54 b 263 Meat cutters, except slaughter and packing house -------------------------------------------- 29 63 264 Milliners ---------------------------------------- 46 70 d 265 Mine operatives and laborers (n.e.c.) ------------ 10 49 c 266 Coal mining -------------------------------------- 02 25 a 267 Crude petroleum and natural gas extraction ---- 38 67 268 Mining and quarrying, except fuel ------------- 12 51 269 Motormen, mine, factory, logging camp, etc.---- 03 28 270 Motormen, street, subway, and elevated r.r.---- 34 65 a 271 Oilers and greasers, except auto -------------- 15 54 272 Painters, except construction & maintenance --- 18 57 273 Photographic process workers ------------------ 42 68 274 Power station operators ----------------------- 50 71 275 Sailors and deck hands ------------------------ 16 55 276 Sawyers --------------------------------------- 05 39 277 Spinners, textile ----------------------------- 05 39 278 Stationary firemen ---------------------------- 17 56 279 Switchmen, railroad --------------------------- 44 69 280 Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs ---------------- 10 49 a 281 Truck and tractor drivers --------------------- 15 54 a 282 Weavers, textile ------------------------------ 06 42 283 Welders and flame-cutters --------------------- 24 61 284 Operatives and kindred workers (n.e.c.) ------- 18 57 c 285 Manufacturing --------------------------------- 17 56 a,c Durable goods 286 Sawmills, planing mills & misc. wood products ------------------------------------ 07 44 c 287 Sawmills, planing mills, & mill work -------- 07 44 288 Miscellaneous wood products ----------------- 09 46 289 Furniture and fixtures ----------------------- 09 48 290 Stone, clay and glass products --------------- 17 56 c 291 Glass and glass products -------------------- 23 60 292 Cement & concrete, gypsum & plaster products ------------------------------------ 10 48 293 Structural clay products -------------------- 10 48 294 Pottery and related products ---------------- 21 59 295 Misc. nonmetallic mineral & stone products--- 15 54 296 Metal industries ----------------------------- 16 55 c 297 Primary metal industries -------------------- 15 54 c 298 Blast furnaces., steel works & rolling mills --------------------------------------- 17 56 299 Other primary iron & steel industries ------- 12 51 300 Primary nonferrous industries --------------- 15 54 301 Fabricated metal ind. (incl. not spec. metal) --------------------------------------- 16 55 c 302 Fabricated steel products ------------------- 16 55 303 Fabricated nonferrous metal products -------- 15 54 304 Not specified metal industries -------------- 14 53 d 305 Machinery, except electrical ----------------- 22 60 c 306 Agricultural machinery and tractors --------- 21 59 307 Office & store machines and devices --------- 31 64 308 Miscellaneous machinery --------------------- 22 59 309 Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies ------------------------------------- 26 62 310 Transportation equipment -------------------- 23 60 c 311 Motor vehicles and motor vehicle equip- ment -------------------------------------- 21 59 312 Aircraft and parts ------------------------ 34 65 313 Ship and boat building and repairing ------ 16 55 314 Railroad and misc. transportation equip ment -------------------------------------- 23 60 315 Professional and photographic equipment and watches -------------------------------- 29 63 c 316 Professional equipment and supplies ------- 23 60 317 Photographic equipment and supplies ------- 40 68 318 Watches, clocks and clockwork-operater devices ----------------------------------- 28 63 Miscellaneous manufacturing industries ----- 16 55 Nondurable goods 320 Food and kindred products ------------------ 16 55 c 321 Meat products ----------------------------- 16 55 322 Dairy products ---------------------------- 22 59 323 Canning and preserving fruits, vegetables, and sea foods ----------------------------- 09 47 324 Grain-mill products ----------------------- 14 53 325 Bakery products --------------------------- 15 54 326 Confectionery and related products -------- 12 51 327 Beverage industries ----------------------- 19 58 328 Misc.food preparations & kindred products 11 50 329 Not specified food industries ------------- 19 57 330 Tobacco manufacturers ---------------------- 02 26 331 Textile mill products ---------------------- 06 42 c 332 Knitting mills --------------------------- 21 59 333 Dyeing and finished textiles, exc. knit goods ------------------------------------- 08 45 334 Carpets, rugs, and other floor coverings -- 14 53 335 Yarn, thread, and fabric mills ------------ 02 26 336 Miscellaneous textile mill products ------ 10 49 337 Apparel and other fabricated textile products ----------------------------------- 21 59 c 338 Apparel and accessories -------------------- 22 60 339 Miscellaneous fabricated textile products -- 17 56 340 Paper and allied products ------------------ 19 57 c 341 Pulp, paper & paperboard mills ------------ 19 58 342 Paperboard containers and boxes ----------- 17 56 343 Miscellaneous paper and pulp products ----- 19 58 344 Printing,publishing & allied industries ---- 31 64 345 Chemicals and allied products -------------- 20 59 c 346 Synthetic fibers -------------------------- 09 47 310 Transportation equipment -------------------- 23 60 c 311 Motor vehicles and motor vehicle equip- ment -------------------------------------- 21 59 312 Aircraft and parts ------------------------ 34 65 313 Ship and boat building and repairing ------ 16 55 314 Railroad and misc. transportation equip ment -------------------------------------- 23 60 315 Professional and photographic equipment and watches -------------------------------- 29 63 c 316 Professional equipment and supplies ------- 23 60 317 Photographic equipment and supplies ------- 40 68 318 Watches, clocks and clockwork-operater devices ----------------------------------- 28 63 Miscellaneous manufacturing industries ----- 16 55 Nondurable goods 320 Food and kindred products ------------------ 16 55 c 321 Meat products ----------------------------- 16 55 322 Dairy products ---------------------------- 22 59 323 Canning and preserving fruits, vegetables, and sea foods ----------------------------- 09 47 324 Grain-mill products ----------------------- 14 53 325 Bakery products --------------------------- 15 54 326 Confectionery and related products -------- 12 51 327 Beverage industries ----------------------- 19 58 328 Misc.food preparations & kindred products 11 50 329 Not specified food industries ------------- 19 57 330 Tobacco manufacturers ---------------------- 02 26 331 Textile mill products ---------------------- 06 42 c 332 Knitting mills --------------------------- 21 59 333 Dyeing and finished textiles, exc. knit goods ------------------------------------- 08 45 334 Carpets, rugs, and other floor coverings -- 14 53 335 Yarn, thread, and fabric mills ------------ 02 26 336 Miscellaneous textile mill products ------ 10 49 337 Apparel and other fabricated textile products ----------------------------------- 21 59 c 338 Apparel and accessories -------------------- 22 60 339 Miscellaneous fabricated textile products -- 17 56 340 Paper and allied products ------------------ 19 57 c 341 Pulp, paper & paperboard mills ------------ 19 58 342 Paperboard containers and boxes ----------- 17 56 343 Miscellaneous paper and pulp products ----- 19 58 344 Printing,publishing & allied industries ---- 31 64 345 Chemicals and allied products -------------- 20 59 c 346 Synthetic fibers -------------------------- 09 47 347 Drugs and medicines ------------------------- 26 62 348 Paints, varnishes, and related products ----- 15 54 349 Miscellaneous chemicals and allied products 23 60 350 Petroleum and coal products ------------------ 51 71 c 351 Petroleum refining -------------------------- 56 72 352 Miscellaneous petroleum and coal products --- 14 53 353 Rubber products ------------------------------ 22 60 354 Leather and leather products ----------------- 16 55 c 355 Leather: tanned, curried, & finished -------- 10 49 356 Footwear, except rubber --------------------- 09 47 357 Leather products, except footwear ----------- 14 53 358 Not specified manufacturing industries ------- 16 55 359 Nonmanufacturing industries (incl. not reported) 18 57 c 360 Construction --------------------------------- 18 57 361 Railroads and railway express service -------- 15 54 362 Transportation, except railroad -------------- 23 60 363 Telecommunications, and utilities and sanitary services ---------------------------- 21 59 364 Wholesale and retail trade ------------------- 17 56 365 Business and repair services ----------------- 19 57 366 Personal services ---------------------------- 11 50 367 Public administration ------------------------ 17 56 368 All other industries (incl. not reported)----- 20 59 Private Household Workers 369 Housekeepers, private household --------------- 19 58 c 370 Living in ------------------------------------ 10 49 d 371 Living out ----------------------------------- 21 59 372 Laundresses, private household ---------------- 12 51 d 373 Living in ------------------------------------ 00 00 d 374 Living out ----------------------------------- 12 51 d 375 Private household workers (n.e.c.) ------------ 07 44 c 376 Living in ------------------------------------ 12 51 377 Living out ----------------------------------- 06 42 Service Workers,, Except Private Household 378 Attendants, hospital 6- other institution ----- 13 52 379 Attendants, professional & personal service (n.e.c.) incl. airline steward(ess) ----------- 26 62 380 Attendants, recreation & amusement------------- 19 58 381 Barbers, beauticians, and manicurists --------- 17 56 a 382 Bartenders ------------------------------------ 19 58 a 383 Boarding and lodging house keepers------------- 30 64 384 Bootblacks ------------------------------------ 08 46 a 385 Charwomen and cleaners ------------------------ 10 48 386 Cooks, except private household --------------- 15 54 a 387 Counter & fountain workers -------------------- 17 56 a 388 Elevator operators ---------------------------- 10 48 389 Firemen, fire protection ---------------------- 37 67 390 Guards, watchmen, and doorkeepers-------------- 18 57 a 391 Housekeepers and stewards, except private household ------------------------------------- 31 65 392 Janitors and sextons -------------------------- 09 47 a 393 Marshals and constables ----------------------- 21 59 394 Midwives -------------------------------------- 37 67 d 395 Policemen and detectives ---------------------- 39 68 c 396 Government ------------------------------------ 40 68 c 397 Private --------------------------------------- 36 66 398 Porters --------------------------------------- 04 36 399 Practical nurses ------------------------------ 22 59 400 Sheriffs and bailiffs ------------------------- 34 66 401 Ushers, recreation and amusement--------------- 25 61 402 Waiters and waitresses ------------------------ 16 55 a 403 Watchmen (crossing) and bridge tenders -------- 17 56 404 Service workers, except private household (n.e.c.)--------------------------------------- 11 50 Farm Laborers and Foremen 405 Farm foremen ---------------------------------- 20 59 406 Farm laborers, wage workers ------------------- 06 42 b 407 Farm laborers, unpaid family workers ---------- 17 56 408 Farm service laborers, self~employed ---------- 22 60 Laborers, Except Farm and Mine 409 Fishermen and oystermen ----------------------- 10 49 b 410 Garage laborers, and car washers and greasers 09 46 411 Gardeners, except farm and groundskeepers ----- 11 50 412 Longshoremen and stevedores ------------------- 11 50 b 413 Lumbermen, raftsmen, and wood choppers -------- 04 36 b 414 Teamsters ------------------------------------- 08 46 415 Manufacturing --------------------------------- 08 45 c Durable goods 416 Sawmills, planing mills and misc. wood products ------------------------------------- 03 33 c 417 Sawmills, planing mills, and mill work ------ 03 34 418 Misc. wood products ------------------------ 02 23 419 Furniture and fixtures ---------------------- 05 40 420 Stone, clay, and glass products ------------- 07 43 c 421 Glass and glass products ------------------- 14 53 c 422 Cement and concrete, gypsum and plaster products ----------------------------------- 05 39 423 Structural clay products ------------------- 05 39 424 Pottery and related products --------------- 07 44 425 Misc. nonmetallic mineral and stone products ----------------------------------- 05 38 426 Metal industries ---------------------------- 07 44 c 427 Primary metal industries ------------------- 07 44 c 428 Blast furnaces, steel works and rolling mills -------------------------------------- 09 46 429 Other primary iron and steel industries ---- 04 37 430 Primary nonferrous industries -------------- 06 42 431 Fabricated metal ind. (incl. not spec. metal) 07 44 c 432 Fabricated steel products ------------------ 07 44 433 Fabricated nonferrous metal products ------- 10 49 434 Not specified metal industries ------------- 09 46 d 435 Machinery, except electrical ---------------- 11 50 c 436 Agricultural machinery and tractors -------- 14 53 437 Office and store machines and devices ------ 17 56 d 438 Miscellaneous machinery -------------------- 10 48 439 Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies 14 53 440 Transportation equipment -------------------- 11 49 c 441 Motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment-- 13 52 442 Aircraft and parts ------------------------- 15 54 443 Ship and boat building and repairing ------- 02 28 444 Railroad and misc. transportation equipment- 08 45 445 Professional and photographic equipment and watches ------------------------------------- 11 50 446 Professional equipment and supplies -------- 10 49 d 447 Photographic equipment and supplies -------- 16 55 d 448 Watches, clocks and clockwork-operated devices ------------------------------------ 00 00 d 449 Miscellaneous manufacturing industries ----- 12 50 450 Food and kindred products ------------------- 09 47 c 451 Meat products ------------------------------ 08 45 452 Dairy products ----------------------------- 13 52 453 Canning and preserving fruits, vegetables and sea foods ------------------------------ 06 42 454 Grain-mill products ------------------------ 06 42 455 Bakery products ---------------------------- 10 48 456 Confectionery and related products --------- 10 48 457 Beverage industries ------------------------ 16 55 458 Misc. food preparations and kindred products ----------------------------------- 05 40 459 Not specified food industries -------------- 14 53 460 Tobacco manufacturers ----------------------- 00 20 f 461 Textile mill products ----------------------- 03 33 c 462 Knitting mills ----------------------------- 04 36 d 463 Dyeing and finishing textiles, exc. knit goods -------------------------------------- 09 46 d 464 Carpets, rugs, and other floor coverings --- 14 53 465 Yarn, thread, and fabric mills-------------- 01 22 466 Miscellaneous textile mill products -------- 06 41 d 467 Apparel and other fabricated textile products ------------------------------------ 09 47 c 468 Apparel and accessories --------------------- 11 49 469 Miscellaneous fabricated textile products--- 06 42 d 470 Paper and allied products ------------------- 07 43 c 471 Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills ---------- 06 41 472 Paperboard containers and boxes ------------ 10 48 473 Misceillieous paper and pulp products ------ 08 45 474 Printing, publishing, and allied industries 23 60 475 Chemicals and allied products --------------- 08 45 c 476 Synthetic fibers --------------------------- 04 37 477 Drugs and medicines ------------------------ 22 60 d 478 Paints, varnishes, and related products ---- 08 46 479 Miscellaneous chemicals and allied products 08 45 480 Petroleum and coal products ----------------- 22 60 c 481 Petroleum refining ------------------------- 26 62 482 Miscellaneous petroleum and coal products- 03 28 483 Rubber products ----------------------------- 12 51 484 Leather and leather products ---------------- 06 43 c 485 Leather: tanned, curried, and finished------ 02 28 486 Footwear, except rubber -------------------- 10 49 487 Leather products, except footwear ---------- 12 51 d 488 Not specified manufacturing industries ------ 08 45 489 Nonmanufacturing industries (incl. not reported) ------------------------------------ 07 44 b,c 490 Construction -------------------------------- 07 43 491 Railroads and railway express service ------- 03 34 492 Transportation, except railroad ---- -------- 09 47 493 Telecommunications, and utilities and sanitary services --------------------------- 06 43 494 Wholesale and retail trade ------------------ 12 51 495 Business and repair services ---------------- 09 47 496 Personal services --------------------------- 05 39 497 Public administration ----------------------- 07 43 498 All other industries (incl. not reported)---- 06 41 499 Occupation not reported -------------------- 99 99 500 Student -------------------------------------- 98 03 501 Unemployed, retired -------------------------- 98 04 502 Military commissioned officers (Lt., Captains, Ensign, etc.) -------------------------------- 97 07 503 Military noncommissioned officers (Sgts., Petty officers) ------------------------------ 97 06 504 Military other enlisted man (Pvt., Seaman, Cpl, Specialists, etc.) ---------------------- 97 05 505 Peace Corps ---------------------------------- 97 02 507 Housewife ------------------------------------ 98 98 998 Inappropriate -------------------------------- 98 98 999 Nonrespondent -------------------------------- 99 99 Explanation of Notes: a. One of 45 occupations used in deriving socio4economic index from predictors of NORC prestige ratings. b. One of 16 occupations poorly or partially matched to NORC titles. c. Occupation omitted from statistical analysis of 425 detailed occupations, because it is a grouping of specific titles listed below it. d. Occupation omitted from statistical analysis of 425 detailed occupations, because census data are based on fewer than 100 sample cases (corresponding to an estimated population of fewer than 3,000 males). e. Occupation omitted from statistical analysis. The census data do not pertain to current members of the armed forces, but to currently unemployed civilians whose last occupational experience was in the armed forces. The data for this occupation do not, therefore, describe soldiers, sailors, and related occupations. f. The computed value of the socio-economic index for this occupation was -3. To avoid the inconvenience of having one index value with a negative sign, this index value was arbitrarily, changed to zero, which remains the lowest value in the table. APPENDIX F R. M. Hauser 8/30 On the Coding of Occupational Aspirations 1. Attachment A, "Coding of Respondent's Occupational Choice" (8/16/62), describes the dual coding of occupational aspirations into Sewell 12, Cols. 18-19,a "Intended Occupation Class," and Sewell 12, Cols. 20-2l,b "Intended Occupation Prestige (NORC).11 2. Of the two codings, the latter contains far more detail, while the former has more of the character of a true occupation code. While the Little question has only seven precoded categories plus an open-ended category, students apparently volunteered a detailed response in a large number of cases. Among male 1/3 sample respondents, for example, 54 prestige levels are represented in the NORC coding, and 27 levels were chosen by 25 or more respondents. By contrast, the "intended occupation class" code contains only 18 occupational categories, and 10 of these are subdivisions of the professions. The marginals for these two variables (labeled 'approximate' in the codebook) for 1/3 sample males are shown on Attachment B. 3. The "NORC" codes are not actually prestige scores. Rather, they are Duncan's curvilinear transformations of his SEI for occupations into the metric of the 1947 NORC scores. 4 There is a third entry for occupational aspirations, Sewell 12, Cols. 118-119,c "R's Occupational Aspiration: Duncan's SES index." While each of the other codes has a category for "no information," this column does not. There is no reference to missing data for this variable in any published papers, nor is there any documentation on how it was coded. A simple matching exercise has established that this variable is a recode of "intended occupational class." That is, it loses whatever detail was captured in the "NORC" coding. Results of the matching exercise are shown on Attachment C. The table pertains to 1/3 sample male and female respondents. First, for males only, N's reported in Cols. 18-19a were matched with those in Cols. 118-119,c yielding a set of corresponding codes. Then, each set of codes was used to list the N's for females. These matched perfectly, except females reporting no future plans other than marriage were coded "19" on the Duncan SES scale. a Cols. 18-19 on SWL12 and SWL18A appear in cols-139-140 on SWL20. b Cols. 20-21 on SWL 12 and SWL18A appear in cols. 143-144 on SWL20. c Cols. 118-119 on SWL12 and SWL18A do not appear on SWL20. A revised version of SEI appears in cols. 141-142 of SWL20i See note to COR #113 by R. M. Hauser. 5. In the Duncan SES recode the missing data were eliminated by assigning nonresponses (and marriage only responses) code "19", the code based on the socioeconomic characteristics of employed men not reporting an occupation in 1950. 6. The recode to the Duncan SES scale, rather than the more detailed NORC prestige scores, has been used in published regression analyses. The rationale for this choice is suggested by the comparison of correlations involving the two variables which were abstracted from output used in the Sewell, Ohlendorf, Haller paper. As shown on Attachment D, the correlations involving the Duncan SEI were higher by a substantial margin in every case. 7. This result is wholly attributable to the treatment of nonresponses in the two recodings of occupational aspiration. While nonresponses were coded "19" in the Duncan scale, they were assigned the value "00" in the NORC scale, a value which does not actually occur on the prestige scale and which is well outside the range of scale values. When nonresponses for occupational aspiration are eliminated, the Duncan and NORC codings produce nearly identical correlations, as shown in the first two columns of Attachment E and Attachment F. The correlations on Attachment E pertain to the 2565 Males who reported average parental income, high school rank, and occupational aspirations, who were 1/3 respondents alive in 1964, employed and not in school or on active military duty. Those on Attachment F pertain to the 3427 Males who reported average parental income, high school rank, and occupational aspirations and who were 1/3 respondents alive in 1964. 8. My own preference for a socioeconomic code for occupational aspirations is a retransformation of the detailed NORC code back into the Duncan metric. Correlations of this variable with others in the basic data set are shown in the third column of Attachment E and Attachment F. While these results do not differ substantially from the other two codings, in most instances the correlations in this third set are the highest of the three. 9. Comparing Col. 3 of Attachments E and F with Col. 1 of Attachment D., it is apparent that the combination of recoding and deleting missing data does not substantially change the pattern of correlations for occupational aspirations for either subsample of males. Again, in most instances the correlations involving the retransform of the NORC scores are larger. ATTACHMENT A Coding of Respondent's Occupational Choice (8/16/62) This was a rather difficult operation because it was necessary to take the answers to several questions into account in deciding what the respondent's future occupation would be. These questions were Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 9 (b). Judging from the answers to all these questions, we then assigned each respondent a four-digit code. The first two digits specified the type of occupation, again using Appendix B of Reiss as our standard. The types were "Unskilled" (20), "Farmer" (30), "Service" (40), "Operatives" (50), "Skilled" (60), "White Collar" (70), "Executive" (80), and "Professional," which was broken down as follows: "High Medical" (including physicians, surgeons, osteopaths, and dentists) (99); "Lawyers" (98); "Engineers" (97); "Professors, Scientists, and Research Workers" (96); "Low Medical" (including optometrists, veterinarians, and pharmacists) (95); "Other High Prestige Professions" (94); "Teachers" (93); "Clergymen" (92); "Nurses" (91); and "Other Low Prestige Professions" (90). The second two digits specify the prestige of the occupation, according to the NORC scores in Appendix B of Reiss. High prestige professions were defined as those with a NORC prestige score of 80 or above. Special cases and criteria are listed below: (a) All respondents who were going to college and checked "Liberal Arts" or "Undecided" as their major field were given the code 9075, which specifies "Low Profession, Unspecified." (b) Priests and ministers were classified as "Clergymen"; nuns, monks, missionaries, etc., were classified as "Religious Workers." (c) All respondents who were going to college and checked a scientific field as their major interest were classified as "Professors, Scientists, and Research Workers." (d) No one was classified as a professional if he was not planning to continue with some kind of higher education, with the exception of dancers, musicians, and entertainers. (e) Those who were going to college and checked "Business" as their field of interest were classified as "Executives" unless they specified otherwise. Those who checked "Executives" as their future occupation were classed as executives if and only if they were going to college or business school. (f) Airline hostesses were not included in the Reiss appendix, and were arbitrarily assigned the score 7069, the same as unspecified office workers. (g) Respondents going to airlines communications school were assigned the score 7069, the same as telephone and telegraph operators. (h) All boys who were going to vocational school but did not specify the course to be taken and did not give any other indications about occupation were classified as "Skilled Workers, Unspecified," with the score 6065. All similar girls were classified as "Office Workers, Unspecified," with the score 7069. (i) Members of the armed forces were classified as operatives, with the score 5056. (j) Respondents who checked "Factory Worker" as their occupational choice on question 9(b) were classified as operatives, unspecified. (k) Those who checked forestry as their field of interest, but were not going to college, were classified as game wardens, with the same score as policemen , 4066. (1) Nurses aides were classified as "Attendants, Hospital and Other Institutions." (m) Those who said they would become "Laborers" were classed "Laborers, Unspecified," with the score 2045. (n) Those who were entering the military service did not specify that they planned a military career and gave no further information about it. (o) Girls who were getting married and gave no other information about occupational choice were given the score 0500. (p) Respondents who gave no information pertaining to occupational choice were coded 0000. OCCUPATIONAL CLASS AND (NORC) PRESTIGE SCORES FOR SELECTED OCCUPATIONS* Professions (99-90) 99 High Medical 93 Dentists 93 Osteopaths 89 Physicians and Surgeons 98 Lawyers 89 All lawyers 97 Engineers and Architects 86 Architects 85 All engineers 96 Professors, Scientists, and Research Workers 83 Professors 83 All research workers 83 All scientists 95 Low Medical 81 Optometrists 82 Pharmacists 81 Veterinarians 94 High Prestige Professions (other than Nos. 95-99) 80 Accountants and auditors 81 Airplane pilots and navigators 82 Journalists and advertising 83 Personnel workers 93 Teaching 78 All teachers (except college and university) 92 Clergymen 71 All clergymen 91 Nurses 71 Trained nurses 72 Technicians, medical and dental 73 Therapists *Underlined occupations refer to occupational class. The specific occupations which are not underlined refer to the NORC prestige score. 90 Low Professions (other than Nos. 91-93) 75 Not specified (going to college; no further info. or business field of interest) 74 Actors 76 Artists and art teachers 71 Athletes 72 Chiropractors 69 Dancers and dance teachers 79 Designers 67 Dietitians 76 Draftsmen 79 Farm and Home extension 70 Foresters, conservationists 74 Funeral directors 74 Librarians 71 Musicians and music teachers 71 Photographers 77 Radio or TV operators 76 Recreation and group workers 72 Religious worker (Nun, etc.) 75 Social worker 75 Sports official or instructor 70 Surveyors 74 Technicians (lab, etc.) 80 Executives 77 Exec., unspecified (going to college and either checked exec., or is studying business in college). Look up all who specify business 70 White Collar 69 Unspecified office work 69 Airline Hostess 71 Bookkeeper 71 Cashier 68 Dispatcher 76 Express and Railway Clerk 71 Mail Carrier 69 Office Machine Operator 60 Shipping Clerk 74 Secretary, Stenographer, Typist 69 Telephone, Telegraph Operator; Communications 74 Ticket Agent 70 Unspecified salesman 70 Insurance Agent 71 Real Estate Agent 79 Stock and Bond Broker 67 Retail Sales Clerk 70 Unspecified small business 71 Small business, const. 74 Small business,, mfg. 69 Small business, retail 69 Small business, transportation 65 Small business, repair 60 Skilled Workers 65 Unspecified skilled worker 60 Baker 65 Boilermaker 62 All masons 58 Carpenters 71 Typesetters, engravers, printers, etc. 59 Cranemen 68 Decorators and window dressers 69 Electricians 61 Grading and road machinery 70 Foremen 62 Glaziers 70 Inspectors 66 Jewelers 70 Linemen 73 Locomotive engineers 69 Locomotive firemen 65 Machinists 62 Mechanic and repairmen, unspec. 58 Auto mechanics 70 Airplane mechanics 66 Radio/TV mechanics 67 Opticians and lens grinders 56 Painters 61 Plasterers 66 Plumbers and steamfitters 51 Roofers 51 Shoe repair 71 Tool and die makers 50 Operatives 57 Factory workers, unspec. 61 Bus drivers 69 R.R. brakemen 65 Deliverymen, routemen 54 Cleaner, dyer 63 Meat cutter, butcher 65 Motormen 69 R.R. switchmen 49 Taxi drivers 54 Truck, tractor drivers 61 Welders 56 Armed forces 40 Service Workers 50 Service, unspec. 52 Attendants (Hosp., etc.) 56 Barber, beauticians 58 Bartender 54 Cook 67 Fireman 57 Guard 47 Janitor 59 Marshal, constable 66 Policeman 59 Practical nurse 61 Usher 56 Waiter and waitress 30 Farmers 53 All farmers 20 Unskilled 45 Laborers, unspecified 47 Food products 43 Construction 34 Railroad 42 Farm laborers 1056 Military service (noncareer) 0500 Girl getting married, no further information 0000 No information Duncan SRI Transforms of NORC Tratsforms of Duacan SEI'Scores for 1950 Census Occupation Titles NORC Score Duncan SRI Transform 00 Missing data 1-20 0 21-22 1 23-28 2 29-34 3 35-37 4 38-40 5 41-43 6 44 7 45-46 8 47-48 9 49 10 50 11 51 12 52 13 53 14 54 15 55 16 56 17 57 18 58 19 59 21 60 23 61 24 62 26 63 28 64 30 65 32 66 35 67 38 68 40 69 43 70 48 71 51 72 54 73 57 74 60 75 64 76 66 77 69 78 71 79 74 80 77 81 79 82 81 83 83 84 85 85 87 86 89 87 90 88 91 89 92 90 93 91 94 92 95 93-99 96 Duncan SEI Transforms of NORC Transforms of Duncan SEI Scores Some notes on coding of occupations--Duncan's NORC prestige score. (Shah used total 1/3 sample--it is not known if changes were made on all of the occupation codes and for the nonestimated codes. These changes do apply to the total 1/3 sample variables that were estimated for the unemployed.) Occupational Attainment The respondent's occupational attainment is operationalized as Duncan's revised NORC prestige score of the occupation he was engaged in at the time of the follow-up. Duncan's revision of the NORC prestige scores is available for the occupations of only the gainfully employed civilian population. The respondents, who fell in the categories not included in Duncan's revision, therefore, presented a problem. The following arbitrary decisions were made: 1. To assign Duncan's revised NORC prestige score of executive and professional occupations not elsewhere classified (#57 in Duncan's schedule of occupations)to students, peace corps workers, and commissioned officers in the military; 2. To consider the noncommissioned officers and other enlisted members in the military as members of the armed forces (#233 in Duncan's schedule of occupations) and assign scores accordingly; and 3. To assign the unemployed boys the same score as that of occupations not reported (#499 in Duncan's schedule of occupations). p. 54 of the unpublished doctoral dissertation by Vimal P. Shah, Social Class and Aspirations of Wisconsin Boys, the University of Wisconsin, Madison, 1966.