Computer Operations Request #446 TO: WLS and LSSC staff FROM: J.Presti DATE: August 11, 1993 PURPOSE: Update of Question by Question objectives (WLS98A.wp5) to include non-respondent questions. Table of Contents I. Introductory section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 II. Education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 III. Marriage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 IV. Children's roster. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 V. Parents' roster. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 VI. Household roster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 VII. Employment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 VIII. Personality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 IX. Cognition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 X. Selected child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 XI. Selected sibling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 XII. Religion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 XIII. Selected Friend. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 XIV. Psychological. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 XV. Parents' income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 XVI. Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 XVII. Intertransfers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 XVIII. Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 XIX. Health insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 XX. Pensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 XXI. Health and depression. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 XXII. Caregiving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 XXIII. Retirement and future. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 I. Introductory section >cnf3< Hello. May I please speak to (Respondent's first name) (Respondent's last name)? >cnfx< Do you know what phone number (Respondent's first name) can be reached at now? >arex< What is the number? Please start with the area code. >prex< What is the rest of the number? >verx< Just to be sure I have recorded the number correctly, please let me read it back again. Is that correct? >cnf6< I'm (Interviewer's name) calling again from the University of Wisconsin. We recently started our telephone interview with you. I would like to complete the interview with you now. >conf< Hello. May I please speak to (Respondent's first name) (Respondent's last name)? >cnf2< Do you know what phone number (Respondent's first name) can be reached at now? >area< What is the number? Please start with the area code. >pref< What is the rest of the number? >verf< Just to be sure I have recorded the number correctly, please let me read it back again. Is that correct? [# ***************************** CALLBACK / APPOINTMENT SECTION ************** >cb< When would be a good time for us to call back? >cb5< What time on (Month/Day)? [# ***************************** R VERIFICATION / CONFIDENTIALITY ************ >0x< My name is (Interviewer's name). I'm calling from the Letters and Science Survey Center at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. As you probably recall from our recent letter, we are doing a follow-up study of our sample of people who were Wisconsin high school seniors in 1957. Just to make sure our records are correct, were you enrolled at (High school name) High School in 1957? >0j< What was your full name in 1957? >0l< Were you born in about 1939 or are you about 54 years old? >1p< We would like to conduct the interview with you now. However, if this is not a good time we would be glad to call back at a more convenient time for you. >22a< Before we begin, I want to assure you that all of the information you give us is confidential, and that none of it will be released in any way that would permit identification of you or your family. Your participation, of course, is voluntary. [# ******************************** RESPONSES TO REFUSALS ******************** >REF1< Sorry to have caught you at a bad time, I would be happy to call back another time. Or, if you would prefer, we could begin the interview now and complete part of it, then call again another time to finish it. >REF2< I'm sorry to hear that. Have you been sick long? I would be happy to call back another time. Your participation in this survey is just as important as anyone else's. In order for the results to be representative of the entire class of 1957, we need to be sure to interview as many people in the sample as possible. We really want YOUR participation. >REF3< The questions are not at all difficult. They mostly concern how you feel about things, rather than how much you know about certain things. Some of the people we have already interviewed had the same concern you have, but once we got started they didn't have any difficulty answering the questions. Maybe I could read just a few questions to you and you can see what they are like. >REF4< I'm sorry you feel that way. This study began with the class of 1957, and ever since that first survey was taken during your senior year in high school, you and your other classmates have been extremely cooperative. It is very important that we talk with everyone in the sample, so our findings will accurately describe what has happened to the class of 1957. The results from the 1957 study were used to plan the expansion of post-secondary school facilities in the state of Wisconsin. The study we are currently conducting will offer valuable information on adults' careers and relationships at mid-life. And, as in the past, everything you tell us is confidential. We're hoping that you will want to continue to be a part of this project. >REF5< I can certainly understand, that's why all of our interviews are confidential. Protecting people's privacy is one of our major concerns and to do it, no one's name is associated with their answers. All the results are released in a way that no single individual can ever be identified. >REF6< We think this survey is very important because the questions are ones that people in universities and in the government want to know answers to, so we would really like to have YOUR participation. >REF7< Telephone surveys are much faster and cost less than other ways of obtaining survey information. In the case of this project, a telephone survey is the quickest and easiest way for us to contact our respondents who live all over the United States. [# *********************** RESPONSES FOR OVERCOMING BARRIERS **************** >BAR1< Sorry to have caught you at a bad time, I would be happy to call back another time. Or, if you would prefer, we could continue the interview now and complete part of it, then call again another time to finish it. >BAR2< I'm sorry to hear that. Have you been sick long? I would be happy to call back another time. Your participation in this survey is just as important as anyone else's. In order for the results to be representative of the entire class of 1957, we need to be sure to interview as many people in the sample as possible. We really want YOUR participation. >BAR3< The questions are not at all difficult. They mostly concern how you feel about things, rather than how much you know about certain things. Some of the people we have already interviewed had the same concern you have, but once we got started they didn't have any difficulty answering the questions. So I would like to continue the interview with you now. >BAR4< I'm sorry you feel that way. This study began with the class of 1957, and ever since that first survey was taken during your senior year in high school, you and your other classmates have been extremely cooperative. It is very important that we talk with everyone in the sample, so our findings will accurately describe what has happened to the class of 1957. The results from the 1957 study were used to plan the expansion of post-secondary school facilities in the state of Wisconsin. The study we are currently conducting will offer valuable information on adults' careers and relationships at mid-life. And, as in the past, everything you tell us is confidential. We're hoping that you will want to continue to be a part of this project. >BAR5< I can certainly understand, that's why all of our interviews are confidential. Protecting people's privacy is one of our major concerns and to do it, no one's name is associated with their answers. All the results are released in a way that no single individual can ever be identified. >BAR6< We think this survey is very important because the questions are ones that people in universities and in the government want to know answers to, so we would really like to have YOUR participation. >BAR7< Telephone surveys are much faster and cost less than other ways of obtaining survey information. In the case of this project, a telephone survey is the quickest and easiest way for us to contact our respondents who live all over the United States. >thnk< This concludes the interview. Again, let me assure you that all the information will be kept confidential and will be used only for routine statistical research purposes. Thank you for your assistance. >750< I'm sorry to hear about (Mr./Mrs./Ms.) (Respondent's last name)'s death. In order to complete our research, we would like to ask you just a few questions about (Mr./Mrs./Ms.) (Respondent's last name). In what month and year did (Respondent's first name) die? >dec2< Just to make sure our records are correct, was (Respondent's first name) (Respondent's last name) enrolled at (High school name) High School in 1957? (When (he/she) was a senior, (he/she) completed a questionnaire about (his/her) high school experiences and educational, occupational, and marriage plans for the future. >dec3< What was (his/her) full name in 1957? >dec4< Was (he/she) born in about 1939 or should (he/she) be about 54 years old? >dec6< Before we begin, I want to assure you that all of the information you give us is confidential, and that none of it will be released in any way that would permit identification of you or your family. Your participation, of course, is voluntary. >750a< ( In what month did (Mr./Mrs./Ms.) (Respondent's last name) die? ) >751< Was (Respondent's first name) (Respondent's last name) (his/her) complete name? >752< In what city and state did (he/she) die? >753a< In what month and year was (Respondent's first name) born? >754< What was the cause of (his/her) death? >755< Was there a kind of work (he/she) usually did? >756< I'd like to know more about the last job (he/she) held when (he/she) was doing this usual kind of work? What kind of work did (Respondent's first name) do? >757< What were (his/her) principal activities or duties? >758< What kind of business or industry was this? >759< Was this mainly manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail trade or something else? >760< Was (he/she) employed by government, by a private company or organization, or was (he/she) self-employed or working in a family business? >761< Was this business incorporated? >763< Was (he/she) working for pay? >764< In what year did (he/she) stop doing this work? >765< I would like to ask you for one more piece of information. We would like to have (his/her) social security number to complete the information in our research file. Do you know or can you find this number? >767< Having this number will make it easier for us to use information about (Respondent's first name)'s life in research to understand the causes of early deaths. With it we can obtain a little more information about (his/her) death from county and state records. We will not release this number or information for other purposes. Without written permission, we cannot use (his/her) Social Security number to find out private information. >768< Thank you very much for your cooperation. These are all the questions we have. We appreciate your assistance. II. Education Birthdate for 1975 non-respondents >z1< What is your birthdate? Please start with the MONTH. >zb2< And, what day is that? >zb3< And, what day is that? >zb4< And, what day is that? >z1b< And, the year? 1975 non-respondents >3a< Since the beginning of 1957, have you taken any courses for credit in a four-year college or university or a two-year college? Do not include commercial, vocational or technical training, apprenticeships, or on-the-job training. >3b< In all, SINCE the beginning of 1957 how many years of school did you complete at a college or university, including graduate or professional school? *** If the respondent answers "Masters" or "PhD", ask how long the Masters or PhD program was (1, 2, 3, or 4 years). If they answer "10 years of graduate school", ask what degree program they were enrolled in and the length of that degree program. >3c< What was the name of the college or university that you last attended since 1957? >3f< In what year did you last attend (College name)? >3g< Was that in winter, spring, summer or fall? >3h< Would that be in early 19__ or in late 19__? >3i< Are you now enrolled in a formal program in a college or university? Do not include commercial, vocational, technical training, apprenticeships, or on the job training. >3j< Have you earned a degree from a college or university since 1957? >3k< What is your HIGHEST degree, certificate or diploma which you have earned since 1957? >3m< What was the name of the college or university where you obtained your (Degree name)? >3n< What was your major field or specialty at (College name)? >3o< In what city and state was (College name) located? >3q< When did you complete your (Degree name)? >3r< Was that in winter, spring, summer or fall? >3s< Would that be in early 19__ or in late 19__? >3t< Have you been enrolled as a regular student, earning credits towards a degree, in a college or university since you earned your (Degree name)? >3u< How many years of school did you complete after this degree? >3v< What was the name of the college or university where you attended your last year? >3A< In what year did you first attend (College name)? >3B< Was that in winter, spring, summer or fall? >3C< Would that be in early 19__ or in late 19__? >3D< In what year did you last attend (College name)? >3G< Was that in winter, spring, summer or fall? >3H< Would that be in early 19__ or in late 19__? >z2I< What was the name of the college or university where you last attended? >3I< What was the name of the college or university where you last attended? >3L< In what year did you last attend? >3M< Was that in winter, spring, summer or fall? >3N< Would that be in early 19__ or in late 19__? >3P< In what year did you complete your bachelor's degree or its equivalent? >3S< In what year did you earn your graduate or professional degree? >3T< Was that in winter, spring, summer or fall? >3U< Would that be in early 19__ or in late 19__? >3V< What is the name of the college or university at which you earned your bachelor's degree or its equivalent? >3W< What is the name of the college or university at which you earned your bachelor's degree or its equivalent? >3Z< What was your major field or specialty? Military service questions for 1975 non-respondents >z3< Have you ever been on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces or spent at least two months on active duty for training in the Reserves or National Guard? >z3a< How did you FIRST enter the armed forces, were you drafted, did you enlist in the regular services, the Reserves, or the National Guard, or did you enter through college ROTC, OCS, a service academy, or what? >z3b< What is the highest grade or year of regular school you had completed BEFORE YOU FIRST ENTERED active military service? >z3d< In what month and year did you first enter military service? Please start with the month. >z3f< In what month and year did you last leave military service? Please start with the month. Post 1975 education for 1975 respondents >2c< Since the beginning of 1975, have you taken any courses for credit in a four-year college or university or a two-year college? Do not include commercial, vocational or technical training, apprenticeships, or on-the-job training. >4g< In all, SINCE the beginning of 1975 how many years of school did you complete at a college or university, including graduate or professional school? *** Remember, we are interested in how many years are completed, not how many years R attended. If R asks for a definition of "Year of School," we are interested in an academic year, or its equivalent. When someone attends on a part-time basis, we need to convert that to his/her number of academic years of school completed. *** If the respondent answers "Masters" or "PhD", ask how long the Masters or PhD program was (1, 2, 3, or 4 years). If they answer "10 years of graduate school", ask what degree program they were enrolled in and the length of that degree program. >4h< What was the name of the college or university that you last attended since 1975? >4k< In what year did you last attend (College name)? >4n< Was that in winter, spring, summer or fall? *** If R asks what we mean by "spring, summer, winter, fall," tell him/her that we will accept whatever definition he/she wants to use. If R insists on a definite set of months, tell him/her that we think of spring as March, April, and May, summer as June, July and August, fall as September, October and November, and winter as December, January and February. >4o< Would that be in early 19__ or in late 19__? >4s< Are you now enrolled in a formal program in a college or university? Do not include commercial, vocational, technical training, apprenticeships, or on the job training. *** Here we mean a formal program, not just a collection of non- related courses. We are interested in progress being made towards an academic degree or certificate. >5< Have you earned a degree from a college or university since 1975? >5a< What is your HIGHEST degree, certificate or diploma which you have earned since 1975? *** Get exact title of degree. For example, if R says he/she got a "Bachelor's degree in engineering," did he/she receive a "BA" with a major in electrical engineering, a "BS" or a "BEE"? Likewise, if R received an associate's degree in nursing, probe to find out whether it is an A.A. with an emphasis on nursing, or an L.P.N (licensed practical nurse) degree. Remember, the more specific information you collect, the better our data will be. If R's highest degree is a joint degree, for instance, a J.D./Ph.D be sure to make a note of this. >5d< What was the name of the college or university where you obtained your (Degree name)? >5b< What was your major field or specialty at (College name)? >5e< In what city and state was (College name) located? >5g< When did you complete your (Degree name)? >5j< Was that in winter, spring, summer or fall? >5k< Would that be in early 19__ or in late 19__? >5s< Have you been enrolled as a regular student, earning credits towards a degree, in a college or university since you earned your (Degree name)? *** By "regular student," we mean a student who is enrolled, either full-time or part-time, in a formal program of studies, that is, who is working toward an academic degree or certificate. Do not include business, vocational/technical training or apprenticeships. A "No" response would be appropriate for those who (1) never attended any type of college, or (2) have taken a few courses in college, but never enrolled in a program leading to a degree. >5u< How many years of school did you complete after this degree? >6< What was the name of the college or university where you attended your last year? >6a< What was the name of the college or university where you attended your last year? >6d< In what year did you first attend (College name)? >6e< Was that in winter, spring, summer or fall? >6f< Would that be in early 19__ or in late 19__? >6g< In what year did you last attend (College name)? >6m< Was that in winter, spring, summer or fall? >6o< Would that be in early 19__ or in late 19__? >6p< What was the name of the college or university where you last attended? >6s< In what year did you last attend? >6v< Was that in winter, spring, summer or fall? >6w< Would that be in early 19__ or in late 19__? >7m< In what year did you complete your bachelor's degree or its equivalent? >8b< In what year did you earn your graduate or professional degree? *** Typical graduate or professional degrees are: Masters, Ph.D., MD, DDS, LLB, JD. These degrees are earned after completion of the Bachelor's or its equivalent. This question always implies academic level work beyond usual four year degrees. If R received a graduate degree, but not a Bachelors degree, record information for the last part of R's undergraduate education and type a comment to this effect. >8f< Was that in winter, spring, summer or fall? >8m< Would that be in early 19__ or in late 19__? >9< What is the name of the college or university at which you earned your bachelor's degree or its equivalent? >12< What was your major field or specialty? Current/future education >13a< Are you now enrolled in a formal program in a college or university? Do not include commercial, vocational, technical training, apprenticeships, or on-the-job training. >24< Do you plan to attend a four-year college or university or a two-year college in the future? Importance/success items >412s< Different people value different things in life. Please tell me how important the following things are to you. How important is education? Would you say it is very important, somewhat important, not very important, or not at all important? >414< How important to you is work? >414f< How important to you is your financial situation? >416s< The next questions are about how successful you think you've been in various areas of your life. How successful have you been in your education? Have you been very successful, somewhat successful, not very successful, or not at all successful? >418< How successful have you been in work? >418f< How successful have you been financially? III. Marriage Current status >34m< What is your marital status? Are you currently married, divorced, separated, widowed, or have you never been married? *** "Single" means those who have never been married. By "separated" we mean legally separated or those who are living apart due to marital discord, or because they plan to obtain a divorce or legal separation. A couple who is legally married yet maintains separate residences because they work in different cities would not qualify as a separation. *** For unmarried partners, make a note in the interview or at the comments screen saying that the respondent is in a long-term relationship, but not married, and any other relevant details. 1975 spouse update >28< Think back to (Month of 1975 Int.) 1975. At that time were you never married, married, separated, divorced, or widowed? >28m< (When we interviewed you in 1975, you were married.) Are you still in that marriage, or has that marriage ended? *** This question is asking whether R is still married to the same person as in 1975, or whether that marriage has since been dissolved by divorce, separation or death. >28z< (When we interviewed you in 1975, you were married.) Did that marriage end in divorce, separation, or the death of your (husband/wife)? >28w< Did it end in separation, divorce, or the death of your (husband/wife)? >30f< In what month and year did you and your (husband/wife) stop living together? *** We are not necessarily interested in when the couple's divorce was finalized. Rather, this question should determine the month when they stopped sharing a residence. If the exact month cannot be ascertained, then the season should be noted, with a note in the comment field. >32< What was your (husband/wife)'s full name? >32b< In what month and year did your (husband/wife) die? *** If precise month cannot be ascertained, then probe to get the correct season. Make a note in the comment field explaining R's uncertainty. >32g< In what city and state did your (husband/wife) die? *** We want to record the city where R's spouse died. This is not necessarily the same place as their city of residence at time of death. For instance, if a Wisconsinite was vacationing in Miami at the time of death, we would enter Miami, FL here. >32h< How many, if any, children did you have in this marriage? >32m< Since (this divorce/this separation/your husband/wife's death) have you gotten married? >32s< Since (Month of 1975 Int.) 1975, have you gotten married? Interim marriages >34< Since (Month of 1975 Int.) 1975, altogether, how many times have you gotten married (including your current marriage)? >zx18< How many times have you been married in your lifetime, (including your current marriage)? >46< In what month and year after (Month of 1975 Int.) 19(57/75), did you (first) get married? >z17a< Now about your first (husband/wife) -- how old was (he/she) when (he/she) married you? >z17b< At the time of your marriage, how many grades of regular school had (he/she) completed? >48< Are you still in this marriage? >49< How did this marriage end? Was it by divorce, separation, or the death of your (husband/wife)? >50< In what month and year did you and your (husband/wife) stop living together? >53< In what month and year did your (husband/wife) die? >56< How many, if any, children (do/did) you have in this marriage, including biological children, adopted children, step children, and foster children? *** By "have" we are referring only to biological or adopted children. Step- or foster-children will not be picked up here. >46a< In what month and year, did you next get married? >48a< Are you still in this marriage >49a< How did this marriage end? Was it by divorce, separation, or the death of your (husband/wife)? >50a< In what month and year did you and your (husband/wife) stop living together? >53a< In what month and year did your (husband/wife) die? >56a< How many, if any, children (do/did) you have in this marriage, including biological children, adopted children, step children, and foster children? >z46a< In what month and year, did you next get married? >z48a< Are you still in this marriage? >z49a< How did this marriage end? Was it by divorce, separation, or the death of your (husband/wife)? >z50a< In what month and year did you and your (husband/wife) stop living together? >z53a< In what month and year did your (husband/wife) die? >z56a< How many, if any, children (do/did) you have in this marriage, including biological children, adopted children, step children, and foster children? *** This is an extra series of questions (z46a - z56a) for non- respondents in order to record another marriage. >46b< What was the month and year of your most recent marriage? >48b< Are you still in this marriage >49b< How did this marriage end? Was it by divorce, separation, or the death of your (husband/wife)? >50b< In what month and year did you and your (husband/wife) stop living together? >53b< In what month and year did your (husband/wife) die? >56b< How many, if any, children (do/did) you have in this marriage, including biological children, adopted children, step children, and foster children? Current spouse >60< Now I would like to know something more about your (husband/wife). What is your (husband/wife)'s first name? >62< Is (his/her) last name the same as yours? >62f< What is (his/her) last name? >62g< In what month and year was your (husband/wife) born? >62m< Are you and your (husband/wife) currently living in the same household? >62s< Why is that? >64< Was your (husband/wife) ever married to someone else before (he/she) married you? >64f< Before marrying you, how many times had (he/she) been married? >68s< At the time of your marriage, what was the highest grade of regular school that (he/she) had attended? >68t< Did (he/she) complete this grade or year? *** We are looking for this highest grade that R's spouse ever attended. He/she need not have completed this grade, however. This will be assessed in Q-68t. >76f< How would you describe (his/her) health? Would you say it is excellent, good, fair, poor, or very poor? Contact and closeness >76h< In terms of your outlook on life, would you say you and your (husband/wife) share very similar views, somewhat similar views, not very similar views, or not at all similar views? >76i< How close would you say you are to your (husband/wife)? Are you very close, somewhat close, not very close, or not at all close? Spouse employment >76m< Is (he/she) currently working at a paid job? *** The categories can be understood as such: (1) Working - A person who was working for pay or profit, or without pay in a family business or farm. (2) Has a job, but not at work - This response is appropriate if a person was temporarily absent from a job or business for such reasons as illness, vacation, bad weather, labor dispute, temporary layoff, etc for a period of time, not just the day of the interview. This response is NOT appropriate if a person is on call to work whenever there is a need for his/her services (e.g. substitute school teacher, temporary agency worker, worker for catering service, etc.) During the periods these "on call" workers are not actually working and are not waiting to be called into work, classify them (3) Does not have a job. You can then classify them as "Looking for work" in Q-78c. (3) Does not have a job - This category includes anyone who is not currently working, except for those captured in category (2). You can further classify these people in Q-78c. *** A family business means that the person works for a business owned by his/her immediate family. If the person works for someone to whom he/she is not related and it's a family business, you would not code this as the person's family business. *** If respondent says that he/she is self-employed and works in a family business or farm, and he/she considers both of these categories to be equally descriptive of his/her situation, code it family business or farm. >76s< Does (he/she) do any work at all, even if it's only a part-time job? Include unpaid work of 15 or more hours per week in a family business or farm. >78c< Is (he/she) looking for work, keeping house, unable to work, retired, or what? *** The categories can be explained as such: (1) Looking for work - This phrase means a person is trying to get work, or trying to establish a business or profession. (2) Keeping house - This response applies to a person primarily occupied with his/her own home housework or the care of children or other relatives. It applies if housework was this person's chief activity except for "days off" due to his/her own temporary illness or temporary absence from home. It also applies even if the person did not do the housework physically but managed others in doing the work. (3) Unable to work - This response applies to a person who, because of his/her own long-term, physical or mental illness or disability, is unable to do any kind of work. The disability must be something specific, not a combination of minor disabilities that normally come with advanced age. Remember, a person must be unable to do any kind of work for this response to be appropriate. If R expects to be able to work within six months, do not count him/her as unable to work. (4) Retired- This response applies if R reports himself/herself as "retired." IF R says that he/she is semi-retired (i.e. working fewer hours) the correct response is (1) Working, in Q-76m. (5) Other - Examples of activities which would not fall into any of the above categories are taking it easy, working without pay for a neighbor, or doing volunteer work. >78f< Has your (husband/wife) ever worked for pay at any job or worked without pay 15 or more hours per week in a family business or farm? >78mz< What kind of work (does/did) your (husband/wife) do? >78s< What (are/were) (his/her) principal activities or duties? >80< What kind of business or industry (is/was) this? >80f< (Is/Was) this mainly manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail trade or something else? >80m< (Is/Was) (he/she) employed by government, by a private company or organization, or was (he/she) self-employed or working in a family business? >80s< (Is/Was) this business incorporated? >80x< (Is/Was) (he/she) working for pay? *** This is the usual job information format. The job recorded here will be R's spouse's current job or last job held if he/she worked within the last five years. IV. Children's roster 1975 children update >92m< When we last talked with you in 1975, you told us that you had (# of children) child(ren). We would like to confirm and update our information. *** In the 1975 questionnaire, we obtained the names and birth dates of R's children. If R is surprised that we have information about their children, please remind them that they supplied us with this information in 1975. If they would prefer to discuss a child other than the randomly selected one, remind them that one child has been selected on a random basis, in the same way the people are chosen for political polls, or the same way that lottery numbers are drawn and we cannot select a substitute. >94p< You said you had a (son/daughter), (Child's name), who was born in (Month) 19__. Is all of this correct? >94s< INTERVIEWER: IS SEX CORRECT? >96< ENTER CORRECT SEX: >96f< INTERVIEWER: IS BIRTH DATE CORRECT? >96m< ENTER MONTH HERE, AND YEAR ON NEXT SCREEN >96s< ENTER LAST TWO DIGITS OF YEAR >98< INTERVIEWER: IS FIRST NAME CORRECT? >98f< What is (his/her) first name? >100s< Is (he/she) your biological child? >100t< Is (Child's name) your adopted, step, or foster child, or does (he/she) have some other relationship to you? >104t< Is (he/she) currently living in (his/her) own home or apartment, in your home, or somewhere else? >102m< When did (he/she) die? >110< Is (Child's name) never married, currently married, divorced, separated, or widowed? >114< What is the highest grade or year of regular school that (he/she) ever ATTENDED? >114f< Did (he/she) complete this grade (year)? >114m< Did (he/she) attend a regular school during the past 12 months? Include elementary, secondary, colleges, and universities. >116< Does (he/she) live with you when school is in session? >116a< Does (he/she) live with you when school is not in session? Children since 1975 >118f< Do you have any children that we have not yet mentioned? Please include biological, adopted, step or foster children as well as other children you consider to be a part of your family who have joined your family since 1975. 1975 non-respondents start children's roster >118g< Do you have any children? Please include biological, adopted, step or foster children as well as other children you consider to be a part of your family. >118q< How many (other) children do you have, including biological, adopted, step, and foster children, as well as other children you consider a part of your family? >120< What is the first name of (the oldest of these children/this child)? >122F< What is the first name of the next oldest child? >120f< Is (Child's name) a male or a female? >120p< In what month and year was (he/she) born? >124f< Is (Child's name) your biological child? >124g< Is (he/she) your adopted, step, or foster child, or does (he/she) have some other relationship to you? >126g< Does (Child's name) live there with you, in (his/her) own home or apartment, or somewhere else? >126< When did (he/she) die? >131< Is (Child's name) never married, currently married, divorced, separated, or widowed? >136< What is the highest grade or year of regular school that (Child's name) ever attended? >136f< Did (he/she) complete this grade (year)? >136m< Did (Child's name) attend a regular school during the past twelve months? >138< Does (Child's name) live with you when school is in session? >138a< Does (Child's name) live with you when school is not in session? V. Parents' roster >140f< Now, we'd like to ask about your parents. Is your mother alive? >140m< In what year was your mother born? >142< In what year did she die? >142f< How would you describe your mother's health? Would you say it is excellent, good, fair, poor, or very poor? *** This is a subjective evaluation of R's parent's health. Accept whatever response R gives. >142g< Does your mother live in her own home or apartment, in a nursing home, there with you, or somewhere else? >142s< Approximately how many miles from you does your mother live? >142t< In what city and state does your mother live? >144h< How long has she lived with you? >146< Is your father still living? >146f< In what year was your father born? >146s< In what year did he die? >148< How would you describe your father's health? Would you say it is excellent, good, fair, poor, or very poor? >152f< Are your parents still married to each other? >152v< Does your father live in the same household as your mother, or does he live in a nursing home or somewhere else? >152i< Does your father live in his own home or apartment, in a nursing home, there with you, or somewhere else? >148m< Approximately how many miles from you does your father live? >148n< In what city and state does your father live? >150c< How long has he lived with you? >152m< Is your father currently married? >152s< Is your mother currently married? >154< Is your father currently married? >154f< Is your mother currently married? Head of household's (in 1957) occupation and education (for 1975 non- respondents) >z4< Now I'd like to ask some questions about your background. Were you living with both your parents most of the time up to your senior year in high school? >z4a< Who was the head of your family? >z5< What kind of work did your (Head of household) do when you were a high school senior? >z5a< What were (his/her) most important activities or duties? >z5b< What kind of business or industry was this? >z5c< Was this mainly manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail trade or something else? >z5d< Was your (Head of household) employed by government, by a private company or organization, or was (he/she) self-employed or working in a family business? >z5e< Was this business incorporated? >z5g< Was (he/she) working for pay? >z6< What is the highest grade or year of regular school your (Head of household) completed? >z7< What is the original nationality of your family on your FATHER'S side? *** If respondent reports 'American': probe to find out what it was before coming to the United States. If respondent reports 'English' make sure that he/she means from England. Mother's occupation and education (for 1975 non-respondents) >z8< What is the highest grade or year of regular school your mother completed? >z9< Did your mother have a full-time or part-time job when you were a senior in high school? >z9a< What kind of work did your mother do when you were a high school senior? >z9b< What were her most important activities or duties? >z9c< What kind of business or industry was this? >z9d< Was this mainly manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail trade or something else? >z9e< Was your mother employed by government, by a private company or organization, or was she self-employed or working in a family business? >z9f< Was this business incorporated? >z9h< Was she working for pay? *** These questions are only asked if mother was not reported as head of household above in z4a. Contact and closeness >466f< Next I have a few more questions about your mother. During the past 12 months, about how often did you have any contact with your mother either in person, by letter, or by phone? *** We are interested in how often adult children and their parents see each other and also in how close they feel toward each other. >466s< In what year did you last see your mother? >470b< Parents and children are sometimes similar to each other in their views and opinions, and sometimes different from each other. In terms of your outlook on life, would you say you and your mother share very similar views, somewhat similar views, not very similar views, or not at all similar views? >470f< How close would you say you are to your mother, very close, somewhat close, not very close, or not at all close? >472f< Now I have some questions about your father. During the past 12 months, about how often did you have any contact with your father either in person, by letter, or by phone? >472s< In what year did you last see your father? >476a< In terms of your outlook on life, would you say you and your father share very similar views, somewhat similar views, not very similar views, or not at all similar views? >476b< Parents and children are sometimes similar to each other in their views and opinions,and sometimes different from each other. In terms of your outlook on life, would you say you and your father share very similar views, somewhat similar views, not very similar views, or not at all similar views? >476f< How close would you say you are to your father very close, somewhat close, not very close, or not at all close? Comparison >484< Did your (father/mother) live to the age of 50? *** When looking back on their lives, people often compare themselves to their parents. We are interested in how people have done relative to their parents, in terms of education and work. Here we are asking R to compare his/her life today, with his/her parent's life when the parent was roughly 53 years old. >484f< Think about how your (father/mother) was doing when (he/she) was in (his/her) early 50s, the same age as you are now. Relative to how your (father/mother) was doing back then, would you say you are doing better or worse in the following areas of life. In your education have you done much better, better, the same, worse, or much worse? >484m< In terms of work, have you done much better, better, the same, worse, or much worse? >484s< Have you done much better, better, the same, worse, or much worse financially? >158f< Now I have some questions about your (husband/wife)'s parents. Is your (husband/wife)'s mother alive? >158s< How would you describe her health? Would you say it is excellent, good, fair, poor, or very poor? >160w< Does your (husband/wife)'s mother live in her own home or apartment, in a nursing home, there with you, or somewhere else? >165f< Approximately how many miles from you does your mother-in-law live? >165g< In what city and state does your mother-in-law live? >160u< How long has she lived with you? >162f< Is your (husband/wife)'s father alive? >162s< How would you describe his health? Would you say it is excellent, good, fair, poor, or very poor? >166m< Are (his/her) parents still married to each other? >166w< Does (his/her) father live in the same household as (his/her) mother, or does he live in a nursing home or somewhere else? >164u< Does your (husband/wife)'s father live in his own home or apartment, in a nursing home, there with you, or somewhere else? >164c< Approximately how many miles from you does your father-in-law live? >164d< In what city and state does your father-in-law live? >164v< How long has he lived with you? VI. Household roster >186s< Is there anyone living with you that we have not yet discussed? >Ha1< What are their first names? >Hb1< Any others? >Ha2< What is the next person's first name? >Hb2< Any others? >Ha3< What is the next person's first name? >Hb3< Any others? >Ha4< What is the next person's first name? >Hb4< Any others? >Ha5< What is the next person's first name? >Hb5< Any others? >Ha6< What is the next person's first name? >Hb6< Any others? >Ha7< What is the next person's first name? >Hc1< Is (Householder's name) a male or female? >Hf1< How old is (he/she)? >Hg1< What is (his/her) relationship to you? >Hc2< Is (Householder's name) a male or female? >Hf2< How old is (he/she)? >Hg2< What is (his/her) relationship to you? >Hc3< Is (Householder's name) a male or female? >Hf3< How old is (he/she)? >Hg3< What is (his/her) relationship to you? >Hc4< Is (Householder's name) a male or female? >Hf4< How old is (he/she)? >Hg4< What is (his/her) relationship to you? >Hc5< Is (Householder's name) a male or female? >Hf5< How old is (he/she)? >Hg5< What is (his/her) relationship to you? >Hc6< Is (Householder's name) a male or female? >Hf6< How old is (he/she)? >Hg6< What is (his/her) relationship to you? >Hc7< Is (Householder's name) a male or female? >Hf7< How old is (he/she)? >Hg7< What is (his/her) relationship to you? VII. Employment Past job aspirations for 1975 non-respondents >z14< Now, we are interested in the plans that people make about their lives. Thinking back to your senior year in high school, what type of occupation did you hope eventually to enter? >z14a< What kind of business or industry would that be in? Past job aspirations >aa01< Now, please think about 1975, when you were in your mid thirties, which would be about 18 years ago. At that time, what did you want to be doing today? First, did you want to be working or not working? >aa03< What did you want to be doing? >aa05< At that time, what kind of work did you want to be doing today? >aa07< Was this the same kind of work as you were doing in 1975? >aa09< Was this the same kind of work as you are doing today? >aa15< You said that you wanted to ... Can you tell me more about that kind of work? >aa17< What kind of business or industry would that be in? >aa21< Would that be working for yourself or for someone else? *** The purpose of these items is to find out enough about R's desired occupation 17 years ago so that the occupation can be coded into Census categories, just like the current occupation. We are asking R to think back 17 years, and recall what he/she then wanted to be doing today. If R says he/she had no specific thoughts about occupations 17 years in the future, tell him/her that we want his/her occupational hopes for roughly that time period, say 15 or 20 years in the future. 1975 non-respondent's first job after school >zint< Now we have some questions about employment. We'd like to know about the first job that you held after you finished school as well as your employment since 1975 when you were in your thirties. We're interested in both the kinds of work that you've done and the different employers that you've worked for. >z2< Let's see. You completed (Name of school) in 19__. We would like to know about the first, full-time civilian job you had AFTER you completed your highest grade or year in school. Do include full-time work in a family business or farm, even if you were working without pay. What kind of work were you doing? *** We want to know about the first job after the LAST year of attending school, even if the respondent had gone back to school for only one year after having been in the work force for several years prior to that time. >z2aa< What was the name of this employer or business? >z2a< What were your most important activities or duties? >z2b< What kind of business or industry was this? >z2c< Was this mainly manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail trade or something else? >z2d< Were you employed by government, by a private company or organization, or were you self-employed or working in a family business? >zz30< Was this business incorporated? >zz40< Were you working for pay? >z2e< In what month and year did you begin this job? Report the month and year in which you actually began this job, even if you started the job before you completed your highest grade in school. First, what was the MONTH? >z2f< And, the year? >zz71< In what year did you leave (Company name) or are you still working there (as your main job)? >zz7a< When did this stop being your MAIN JOB? Job history >bb01< Now we have a number of questions about your work experience since 1975, when you were in your mid 30's. We are interested in full- and part-time jobs, working for yourself or working for an employer. >bb07< Specifically, in (January) of 1975, did you hold a full- or part-time civilian job? >bb09< In (Month of 1975 Int.) 1975 you told us that you were not employed. >bb11< In (Month of 1975 Int.) 1975, you told us that your main job was working for (Company name) in (Company city). Is this correct? >bb13< In (Month of 1975 Int.) 1975, you told us that you were self-employed? Is this correct? >bb17< In (Month of 1975 Int.) 1975, you told us that you were employed. >bb19< What is the name of the company for which you worked in (Month of 1975 Int.) 1975? >bb23< Since 1975, have you ever held a full-time or part-time civilian job lasting six months or more? >bb25< What is the name of the first such employer for which you worked since 1975? >bb29< In what year did you begin your job at (Company name)? >cc01< What kind of work were you doing at (Company name) in 19__? >cc05< What were your most important activities or duties? >cc10< Did you work 35 hours or more per week at this job? >cc15< What kind of business or industry was this? >cc20< Was this mainly manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail trade or something else? >cc25< Were you employed by government, by a private company or organization, or were you self-employed or working in a family business? >cc30< Was this business incorporated? >cc40< Were you working for pay? >cc45< In what city and state was this? >cc55< Did you belong to a labor union at that time? >cc57< Did your father or family head belong to a labor union when you were about 16 years old? >cc63< Was that the same labor union? >cc67< Aside from Social Security, did (Company name) offer you any kind of pension or retirement plan? >cc68< Did (Company name) offer you health insurance? >cc69< While you were working for (Company name) at that time, did you take any training or classes which you thought could help you get a different job? >cc70< Please describe the kind of job for which you thought this type of training would be helpful. >cc71< In what year did you leave (Company name) or are you still working there (as your main job)? >cc73< Between 19__ and 19__, while you were working for (Company name) (as your main job), did you ever have a change in your most important job activities or duties? >cc79< (Just before you left this employer, w/W)hat kind of work (are/were) you doing( now)? >cc81< What (are/were) your most important activities or duties? >cc83< (Do/Did) you work 35 hours or more per week (then)? >cc85< In what year did you start doing this kind of work for (Company name)? >cc92< (Now we'd like to find out about your next main job...) At the time you (left) (Company name) (as your main job) had you already started another main job? >cc9n< Did this job last 6 months or longer? >cc93< In what year did you start this new main job? >cc9b< Was the MAIN reason you (left) (Company name) (as your main job) BECAUSE you had found a better job, you wanted to do something else, for family reasons, for health reasons, or for some other reason? >cc9c< What did you do? >cc9d< What kind of family reason was most important? >cc9e< How long did this condition last? >cc9g< Please tell me more about that... >cc9h< What was that? >cc9i< At the time you (left) (Company name) (as your main job), could you have worked at that job (as your main job) for another six months? >dd0a< In what year, if ever, did you start your next main job which lasted six months or longer? >dd0c< What was the name of (this/your next) employer or business? >dd0e< Why did you begin working for (Company name) in 19__? >dd01< What kind of work were you doing at (Company name) in 19__? >dd05< What were your most important activities or duties? >dd10< Did you work 35 hours or more per week at this job in 19__? >dd15< What kind of business or industry was this? >dd20< Was this mainly manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail trade or something else? >dd25< Were you employed by government, by a private company or organization, or were you self-employed or working in a family business? >dd30< Was this business incorporated? >dd40< Were you working for pay? >dd46< Was this job at (Company name) also located in (Company city)? >dd47< In what city and state was this? >dd56< Did you belong to a labor union at that time? >dd57< Did your father or family head belong to a labor union when you were about 16 years old? >dd63< Was that the same labor union? >dd67< Aside from Social Security, did (Company name) offer you any kind of pension or retirement plan? >dd68< Did (Company name) offer you health insurance? >dd69< While you were working for (Company name) at that time, did you take any training or classes which you thought could help you get a different job? >dd70< Please describe the kind of job for which you thought this type of training would be helpful. >dd71< In what year did you leave (Company name) or are you still working there (as your main job)? >dd73< Between 19__ and 19__, while you were working for (Company name) (as your main job), did you ever have a change in your most important job activities or duties? >dd79< (Just before you left this employer, w/W)hat kind of work (are/were) you doing( now)? >dd81< What (are/were) your most important activities or duties? >dd83< (Do/Did) you work 35 hours or more per week (then)? >dd85< In what year did you start doing this kind of work for (Company name)? >dd92< (Now we'd like to find out about your next main job...) At the time you (left) (Company name) (as your main job) had you already started another main job? >dd9n< Did this job last 6 months or longer? >dd93< In what year did you start this new main job? >dd9b< Was the MAIN reason you (left) (Company name) (as your main job) BECAUSE you had found a better job, you wanted to do something else, for family reasons, for health reasons, or for some other reason? >dd9c< What did you do? >dd9d< What kind of family reason was most important? >dd9e< How long did this condition last? >dd9g< Please tell me more about that... >dd9h< What was that? >dd9i< At the time you (left) (Company name) (as your main job), could you have worked at that job (as your main job) for another six months? >ee0a< In what year, if ever, did you start your next main job which lasted six months or longer? >ee0c< What was the name of (this/your next) next employer or business? >ee0e< Why did you begin working for (Company name) at that time? >ee01< What kind of work were you doing at (Company name) in 19__? >ee05< What were your most important activities or duties? >ee10< Did you work 35 hours or more per week at this job? >ee15< What kind of business or industry was this? >ee20< Was this mainly manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail trade or something else? >ee25< Were you employed by government, by a private company or organization, or were you self-employed or working in a family business? >ee30< Was this business incorporated? >ee40< Were you working for pay? >ee46< Was this job at (Company name) also located in (Company city)? >ee47< In what city and state was this? >ee67< Aside from Social Security, did (Company name) offer you any kind of pension or retirement plan? >ee68< Did (Company name) offer you health insurance? >ee69< While you were working for (Company name) at that time, did you take any training or classes which you thought could help you get a different job? >ee70< Please describe the kind of job for which you thought this type of training would be helpful. >ee71< In what year did you leave (Company name) or are you still working there (as your main job)? >ee73< Between 19__ and 19__, while you were working for (Company name) (as your main job), did you ever have a change in your most important job activities or duties? >ee79< (Just before you left this employer, w/W)hat kind of work (are/were) you doing( now)? >ee81< What (are/were) your most important activities or duties? >ee83< (Do/Did) you work 35 hours or more per week (then)? >ee85< In what year did you start doing this kind of work for (Company name)? >ee92< (Now we'd like to find out about your next main job...) At the time you (left) (Company name) (as your main job) had you already started another main job? >ee9n< Did this job last 6 months or longer? >ee93< In what year did you start this new main job? >ee9b< Was the MAIN reason you (left) (Company name) (as your main job) BECAUSE you had found a better job, you wanted to do something else, for family reasons, for health reasons, or for some other reason? >ee9c< What did you do? >ee9d< What kind of family reason was most important? >ee9e< How long did this condition last? >ee9g< Please tell me more about that... >ee9h< What was that? >ee9i< At the time you (left) (Company name) (as your main job), could you have worked at that job (as your main job) for another six months? >ff02< After (you left) (Company name), how many other places have you worked at a main job, lasting 6 months or longer, including times you worked for yourself? >gg0a< Now we are interested in the LAST TWO employers or businesses where you worked for six months or longer. In what year did you start to work at the NEXT TO LAST place? >gg0c< What was the name of the NEXT TO LAST place where you worked? >gg0e< Why did you begin working for (Company name) at that time? >gg01< What kind of work were you doing at (Company name) in 19__? >gg05< What were your most important activities or duties? >gg10< Did you work 35 hours or more per week at this job? >gg15< What kind of business or industry was this? >gg20< Was this mainly manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail trade or something else? >gg25< Were you employed by government, by a private company or organization, or were you self-employed or working in a family business? >gg30< Was this business incorporated? >gg40< Were you working for pay? >gg46< Was this job at (Company name) also located in (Company city)? >gg47< In what city and state was this? >gg67< Aside from Social Security, did (Company name) offer you any kind of pension or retirement plan? >gg68< Did (Company name) offer you health insurance? >gg69< While you were working for (Company name) at that time, did you take any training or classes which you thought could help you get a different job? >gg70< Please describe the kind of job for which you thought this type of training would be helpful. >gg71< In what year did you leave (Company name) (as your main job) or are you still working there? >g7g1< Earlier you said that you had another main job since you started at (Company name). Is that correct? >gg73< Between 19__ and 19__, while you were working for (Company name) (as your main job), did you ever have a change in your most important job activities or duties? >gg79< (Just before you left this employer, w/W)hat kind of work (are/were) you doing( now)? >gg81< What (are/were) your most important activities or duties? >gg83< (Do/Did) you work 35 hours or more per week (then)? >gg85< In what year did you start doing this kind of work for (Company name)? >gg92< (Now we'd like to find out about your next main job...) At the time you (left) (Company name) (as your main job) had you already started another main job? >gg9n< Did this job last 6 months or longer? >gg93< In what year did you start this new main job? >gg9b< Was the MAIN reason you (left) (Company name) (as your main job) BECAUSE you had found a better job, you wanted to do something else, for family reasons, for health reasons, or for some other reason? >gg9c< What did you do? >gg9d< What kind of family reason was most important? >gg9e< How long did this condition last? >gg9g< Please tell me more about that... >gg9h< What was that? >gg9i< At the time you (left) (Company name) (as your main job), could you have worked at that job (as your main job) for another six months? >hh0a< In what year, if ever, did you start your LAST main job which lasted six months or longer? >hh0c< What was the name of this LAST employer or business? >hh0e< Why did you begin working for (Company name) at that time? >hh01< What kind of work were you doing at (Company name) in 19__? >hh05< What were your most important activities or duties? >hh10< Did you work 35 hours or more per week at this job? >hh15< What kind of business or industry was this? >hh20< Was this mainly manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail trade or something else? >hh25< Were you employed by government, by a private company or organization, or were you self-employed or working in a family business? >hh30< Was this business incorporated? >hh40< Were you working for pay? >hh46< Was this job at (Company name) also located in (Company city)? >hh47< In what city and state was this? >hh67< Aside from Social Security, did (Company name) offer you any kind of pension or retirement plan? >hh68< Did (Company name) offer you health insurance? >hh69< While you were working for (Company name) at that time, did you take any training or classes which you thought could help you get a different job? >hh70< Please describe the kind of job for which you thought this type of training would be helpful. >hh71< In what year did you leave (Company name) (as your main job) or are you still working there? >hh73< Between 19__ and 19__, while you were working for (Company name) (as your main job), did you ever have a change in your most important job activities or duties? >hh79< (Just before you left this employer, w/W)hat kind of work (are/were) you doing( now)? >hh81< What (are/were) your most important activities or duties? >hh83< (Do/Did) you work 35 hours or more per week (then)? >hh85< In what year did you start doing this kind of work for (Company name)? >hh9b< Was the MAIN reason you (left) (Company name) (as your main job) BECAUSE you had found a better job, you wanted to do something else, for family reasons, for health reasons, or for some other reason? >hh9c< What did you do? >hh9d< What kind of family reason was most important? >hh9e< How long did this condition last? >hh9g< Please tell me more about that... >hh9h< What was that? >hh9i< At the time you (left) (Company name) (as your main job), could you have worked at that job (as your main job) for another six months? >ii00< Are you currently working? >ii0c< What is the name of (this/your next) employer or business? >ii0e< Why did you begin working for (Company name)? >ii01< What kind of work are you doing at (Company name)? >ii05< What are your most important activities or duties? >ii10< Do you work 35 hours or more per week at this job? >ii15< What kind of business or industry is this? >ii20< Is this mainly manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail trade or something else? >ii25< Are you employed by government, by a private company or organization, or are you self-employed or working in a family business? >ii30< Is this business incorporated? >ii40< Were you working for pay? >ii46< Was this job at (Company name) also located in (Company city)? >ii47< In what city and state is this? >ii67< Aside from Social Security, does (Company name) offer you any kind of pension or retirement plan? >ii68< Does (Company name) offer you health insurance? >ii69< While you've been working for (Company name) have you taken any training or classes which you thought could help you get a different job? >ii70< Please describe the kind of job for which you thought this type of training would be helpful. >263b< Is there a regular, main job to which you expect to return in the future? Current/last job >d263< Now we would like to ask some more specific questions about your last job with (Company name). >266d< Now we would like to find out a number of more specific things about your job with (Company name). >h266< How did you find out that a job was available at (Company name) when you first went to work there? >266i< Did this person know you were looking for something new? >266j< Did you contact that person first, or did they contact you? >266k< Did that person work for the company where you got the job? >266l< Was this the same person who actually hired you? Wages >266m< How many hours a week (do/did) you usually work at (Company name)? >z26m< How many weeks per year (do/did) you usually work at (Company name)? >266n< Aside from your main job at (Company name), do you have any other job or business for which you work at the same time? >2662< Did you have a second job or business for which you worked at the same time you worked for (Company name)? >266o< How many hours total (do/did) you work at all jobs, including your main job, per week? >z26o< How many weeks per year (do/did) you usually work at all jobs, including your main job? >266r< On this job at (Company name), (do/did) you get paid by the hour, (do/did) you get a salary, or (do/did) you get paid on some other basis? >266s< What (is/was) your most recent base hourly wage rate at this job? >268f< What (is/was) your most recent gross salary before deductions? That is, your annual salary, your monthly salary, or whatever period you find easiest. >268s< (is/was) this salary for full time work, for the full year? >270< For how many months work (do/did) you receive this salary? >270f< For how many hours per week? >270m< In an average month, how much (do/did) you earn from this job, before taxes and other deductions? Job characteristics >272f< What (is/was) the complete address where (Company name) (is/was) located? >274< Not including yourself, about how many people (work/worked) where you (work/worked) for (Company name) in (Company city)? *** We want to know the number of people that work at R's specific place or work, determined by people who work at the same company or organization, at the same mailing address. We are not interested in people who work for the same company or organization, yet are located in a satellite office in another city. Rather, we are interested in the establishment where R works. For instance, if a respondent reports that he/she works at Kohls' grocery store in Madison, we would be interested in the number of employees at that particular store. We are not interested in the number of persons who work at the other Kohls located throughout Madison, nor the number of people who work for Kohls company-wide. Likewise, if a person works in a department of a large establishment, we want to know how many people work at that establishment not that department. For instance, if a person works in a cafeteria in a factory, we want to know how many people work in that factory, not in the cafeteria. If R does not know how many co-workers he/she has, probe. If this does not work, rely on the follow up question, which captures an estimate. >274f< Would you say less than 10 people, 10 to 25, 26 to 50, 51 to 100, 101 to 500, or more than 500 people? >gov2< You indicated that your (current/last) job was with the government. Was this with the Federal, State, or Local Government? >276q< (Do/Did) you have authority to hire or fire others? >276r< (can/could) you influence or set the rate of pay received by others? >WL40< (Do/Did) you supervise the work of others? That is, what they (produce/produced) or how much? >WL41< (does/did) someone else supervise your work? That is, what you (produce/produced) or how much? >JEN1< (Does/Did) your boss have a boss? >276n< Which of the following best describes the position which you (hold/held) in your business or organization? Would it be a managerial position, a supervisory position, or a non-management position? >276o< Would that be a top, upper, middle, or lower managerial position? >WL42< (Does/Did) someone else supervise your work? That is, what you (produce/produced) or how much? >276p< The next question concerns policy-making at your workplace; that is, making decisions about such things as the products or services delivered, the total number of people employed, budgets, and so forth. (do/did) you participate in making these kinds of decisions, or even provide advice about them? >EOW3< As an official part of your job, (do/did) you supervise the work of other employees or tell other employees what work to do? >276< About how many times an hour, day, week, month, or year (does/did) a supervisor CHECK UP ON YOUR WORK? >276m< (Can/Could) you decide what time to come to work and when to leave, either officially or unofficially? >278f< How much education (do/did) MOST people in jobs like YOURS have? *** The question is not about how much education is required nor really needed to perform the job, but how much most people now in the job actually have. This would include people who are new to the job as well as those who may have held it for a long time. It is appropriate for R to consider the education of people in similar jobs at other companies in the general area, if this is helpful to him/her in formulating a response. >278s< All things considered, how satisfied (are/were) you with your job as a whole--(are/were) you very satisfied, fairly satisfied, somewhat dissatisfied, or very dissatisfied? >280< Would you agree or disagree with the following statement about your (current/last) job? A person on your job (Learns/Learned) NEW THINGS that could lead to a better job or to a promotion? Do you agree or disagree? >280a< Would you (agree/disagree) strongly, moderately or slightly? >286m< I am going to list some things about jobs. Please tell me whether your job involves these things always, frequently, sometimes, rarely, or never. How frequently (does/did) your job require lots of physical effort? >288< How frequently (does/did) your job require intense concentration or attention? >288s< How frequently (do/did) you have to work under the pressure of time? >290f< The things people do at their jobs can involve reading and writing, working with their hands, and dealing with people, or sometimes all three at the same time. In an average week on your job, how many hours (do/did) you spend reading, writing, and dealing with written materials? >290m< How many hours per week (do/did) you spend working with your hands, tools, or equipment? >290s< How many hours per week (do/did) you spend dealing with people about work--not just passing the time of day? >292< How many hours per week (do/did) you do the SAME THINGS OVER AND OVER? *** These items concern the main job, and the numbers of hours R reports for any particular item should not be greater than the total number of hours per week R has reported working on the job. (The computer will check for this condition; you don't have to.) It is all right if the reported hours at the activities overlap and add up to more than the total time at work. >292m< How dirty (do/did) you get on the job? Would you say very dirty, fairly dirty, a little dirty, or not at all dirty? >293< People are sometimes exposed to dangerous conditions on their jobs. For example, they may work with dangerous chemicals, equipment or machinery, or they may be exposed to dangerous fumes, gases or fires. At your job with (Company name), (are/were) you exposed to such conditions in your work? >294< What (are/were) those conditions? >295< How frequently (are/were) you exposed to those conditions? (is/was) it always, frequently, sometimes, rarely or never? >298< SOMETIMES people lose jobs they want to keep. On a scale from zero to ten, what chance do you think there is that you will LOSE YOUR JOB COMPLETELY IN THE NEXT TWO YEARS? On this scale, zero means that there is absolutely no chance that you will lose your job completely, and ten means that you are certain that you will lose your job completely in the next two years. *** The idea here is a possible involuntary loss of the job. If R already plans to leave voluntarily, ask him/her to try to respond about the chances of an involuntary loss of job if he/she did not plan to leave. We are asking R to name a value between 0 and 10, where 0 represents the lowest probability ("Absolutely no chance" that an event will occur) and 10 is the highest probability (certain that an event will occur). The value of 5 falls somewhere in between these extremes representing a 50-50 change that the event of interest will occur. The wording of the questions will label the two endpoints of the scale for the respondent. Please do not label a midpoint, such as 5, for the respondent. Labelling the midpoint for the respondent may imply a that a middle-range value is "average" or "normative" and discourage him/her from providing an answer that deviates from this pattern. Respondents may answer using any whole number between 0 and 10. Numbers out of this range are not valid responses. >298f< (Do/Did) you get paid vacations? >298m< Other than holidays like the Fourth of July or Labor Day, how many paid vacation days (are/were) you allowed to take off each year? >298s< (Do/Did) you belong to a labor union? >300f< Now I would like you to rate your job compared to what most people consider an average job. We find that most people think of jobs like telephone operator, carpenter, or payroll clerk as average jobs. Let's give an average job a rating of 100. Then, if your job (is/was) TWICE as good as an average job, you should give it a rating of 200. If it (is/was) HALF as good, give it 50, and so on. You can give any number you like. So considering everything -- pay, fringe benefits, working conditions, kind of work, etc-- if an average job is rated 100, how would you rate your job? *** Read the item slowly but confidently, as though you expect R to be able to answer it; do not indicate by your presentation that the item is expected to be difficult to answer. Job importance >301a< Now I would like to ask how you feel about certain characteristics of jobs. First, which do you think is more important in a job: getting a pension or getting high pay? >301b< Would that be much, somewhat or slightly more important? >301n< Which is more important: Being able to have on-the-job training, or getting high pay? >301o< Would that be much, somewhat or slightly more important? >301q< Which is more important: Being able to work without frequent checking by a supervisor, or getting high pay? >301r< Would that be much, somewhat or slightly more important? >302b< Which is more important: Having a job that other people regard highly, or getting high pay? >302c< Would that be much, somewhat or slightly more important? VIII. Personality *** In this section, we are interested in finding out more about people's personalities. We are asking people to describe themselves in terms of (1) how sociable they are, (2) how prone they are to getting upset, and (3) how they like to spend their time. >308n< I am going to read several statements that people might use to describe themselves. I would like you to tell me whether you agree or disagree with the statement. I see myself as someone who is outgoing and sociable. >309< Is that strongly, moderately, or slightly? >310< I see myself as someone who is inventive. Do you agree or disagree? >310b< Is that strongly, moderately, or slightly? >310f< I see myself as someone who worries a lot. Do you agree or disagree? >310j< Is that strongly, moderately, or slightly? >310m< I see myself as someone who has a forgiving nature. Do you agree or disagree? >310p< Is that strongly, moderately, or slightly? >310s< I see myself as someone who can be somewhat careless. Do you agree or disagree? >311< Is that strongly, moderately, or slightly? >312f< I see myself as someone who tends to be quiet. Do you agree or disagree? >312j< Is that strongly, moderately, or slightly? >312m< I see myself as someone who prefers work that is routine and simple. Do you agree or disagree? >312p< Is that strongly, moderately, or slightly? >314< I see myself as someone who tends to find fault with others. Do you agree or disagree? >314b< Is that strongly, moderately, or slightly? >314f< I see myself as someone who is easily distracted. Do you agree or disagree? >314j< Is that strongly, moderately, or slightly? >314m< I see myself as someone who is relaxed and handles stress well. Do you agree or disagree? >314p< Is that strongly, moderately, or slightly? IX. Cognition *** The purpose of this section is to learn about people's reasoning abilities. We are especially interested in the kinds of connections that people make between two different things. The questions in this section have been taken from a standard ability test. Some of the respondents may be familiar with this test and may ask if you are administering an intelligence test. You should respond that we are not testing their IQ. That's not possible. IQ involves many different skills; it takes a long time to assess and can only be assessed by trained psychologists. Rather, we are interested in how people of different ages solve problems of abstract reasoning. These similarities questions tap such reasoning skills. It is critical that you type everything the respondent says in response to every question. Do not leave out any words or phrases. If the respondent gives more than one answer per question, type in all answers given. Also, it is imperative that you distinguish between "don't know" answers and refusals. For example, if a respondent says, "I don't really know," do not code that as a refusal. Likewise, if someone says "there are no similarities", you would record that response. >314t< Now I'd like to turn to something a bit different. This section is about reasoning abilities, that is, about how people think. Most people take tests of their reasoning abilities and there is a lot of interest in how these abilities may change over time. What I'd like you to do is tell me how 2 things are alike. In what way are an orange and a banana alike? >316< In what way are a table and a chair alike? >316f< In what way are an eye and an ear alike? >316m< In what way are an egg and a seed alike? >316s< In what way are air and water alike? >318< In what way are work and play alike? >318f< In what way are a fly and a tree alike? >318m< In what way are praise and punishment alike? X. Selected child >321b< Now I'd like to ask you a little more about (one of your children, specifically/your child) (Child's name). Is (his/her) last name the same as yours? >321d< What is (his/her) last name? >321f< How many, if any, children does (Child's name) have? >322f< What is (his/her) (husband/wife)'s first name? >322m< What is (his/her) (husband/wife)'s last name? >324< What is (Child's name)'s address? >324b< What is the city? >324f< What is (Child's name)'s zip code? Selected child's education >326s< Is (Child's name) now enrolled in a formal program in a college or university? >327< What is the name of the college of university where (Child's name) is currently enrolled? >327s< Has (Child's name) ever earned a degree from a college or university? >328< What is the HIGHEST degree, certificate, or diploma which (he/she) has earned? >328a< In what year did (he/she) receive this degree? >328f< Is (College name) the college or university where (he/she) earned this degree? >328m< What is the name of the college or university where (he/she) earned this degree? >328s< In what city is (College name) located? >329< In what state? >330< What was the name of the school where (Child's name) attended (his/her) last year? >331< In what year did (he/she) attend (his/her) last year? >332f< Does (Child's name) plan any further schooling? >332m< What kind of schooling? >332s< How far would you prefer that (he/she) eventually go in school? *** This question measures R's assessment of his/her child's educational attainment at the present time. >334m< How much did you influence (Child's name)'s education by your own example? Was it a lot, a little, or not at all? >335< To what extent do you take credit for how (he/she) has done in (his/her) education? >334s< How responsible do you feel for any shortcomings in how (he/she) has done in (his/her) education? Military and work experience >336f< Has (he/she) ever been in the military service; that is, on active duty in a branch of regular service or on active duty in the Reserves or National Guard? *** We are interested only in active duty. Active duty implies that the person is away from their regular job and usual activities. In a broad sense, they are in uniform and their military service is their primary vocation. Two-week summer training sessions or weekend stints do not qualify as active duty by our definition. >336i< Is (he/she) in the military service now? >336m< And now I'd like to ask about your (son/daughter)'s work. Is (he/she) currently working at a paid job? >336s< Does (he/she) do any work at all, even if it's only a part-time job? Include unpaid work of 15 or more hours per week in a family business or farm. >338< Is (he/she) looking for work, keeping house, unable to work, or what? >338f< Has (he/she) ever worked at one job for 6 months or longer? Include full- or part-time work for pay or work at any job without pay for 15 or more hours per week in a family business or farm. >338z< What kind of work (does/did) (Child's name) do? >338s< What (are/were) (his/her) principal activities or duties? >340< What kind of business or industry (is/was) this? >340f< (Is/Was) this mainly manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail trade or something else? >340m< (Is/Was) (he/she) employed by government, by a private company or organization, (is/was) (he/she) self-employed, or working in a family business? >340s< (Is/Was) this business incorporated? >340x< (Is/Was) (he/she) working for pay? >342a< Did you ever help (him/her) to find a job? >342b< How did you help? Contact and closeness >346m< During the past 12 months, about how often did you have any contact with (him/her) either in person or by letter or phone? >348< In what year did you last see (him/her)? >350g< In terms of your general outlook on life, would you say you and your (son/daughter) share very similar views, somewhat similar views, not very similar views, or not at all similar views? >350m< How close would you say you are to your (son/daughter)? Would you say very close, somewhat close, not very close, or not at all close? Comparison >358m< In this section, we want you to compare yourself with your (son/daughter) when you were about (his/her) age. Think back to 19__, when you were (Age) years old. Try to recall where you were living and what you were doing. First think about education. Is your (son/daughter) doing much better, better, the same, worse, or much worse than you were at that age? >360< What about work? Is (he/she) doing much better, better, the same, worse, or much worse? >361< What about financially? Is (he/she) doing much better, better, the same, worse, or much worse? *** Parents often compare themselves to their children. We are interested in how parents think their children are doing relative to how they themselves were doing when they were the child's present age. XI. Selected sibling >400y< Now I would like to ask some questions about your (brother/sister), (Sibling's first name) (Sibling's last name). Is (Sibling's first name) still living? >400a< Now I'd like to ask some questions about one of your brothers or sisters. We selected (Sibling's first name) (Sibling's last name) for these questions. Is (Sibling's first name) still living? *** In the 1975 questionnaire, we obtained the names and ages of R's brothers and sisters. If R is surprised that we have information about their siblings, please remind them that they supplied us with this information 17 years ago. If they would prefer to discuss a siblings other than the randomly selected one, remind them that one has already been selected on a random basis, in the same way the people are chosen for political polls, or the same way that lottery numbers are drawn. Substitutions will be made randomly by the computer only in the case that the originally selected sibling has since died. Do not allow the respondent to specify a sibling preference. Neither the interviewer or the respondent are capable of selecting an alternate sibling. Deceased 1975 selected siblings >400w< Is (he/she) your full, adopted, step, or half-(brother/sister)? >401C< When did (Sibling's first name) die? >401E< Was (Sibling's first name) (Sibling's last name) (his/her) complete name? >401G< What was (his/her) birthdate? >401I< In what city and state did (he/she) die? >401M< Was (he/she) your full, adopted, step, or half-(brother/sister)? >401O< What was the cause of (his/her) death? >401Q< Was there a kind of work (he/she) usually did? >401R< I'd like to know more about the last job (he/she) held when (he/she) was doing this usual kind of work? What kind of work did your (brother/sister) do? >401U< What were (his/her) principal activities or duties? >401W< What kind of business or industry was this? >401Y< Was this mainly manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail trade or something else? >401a< Was (he/she) employed by government, by a private company or organization, or was (he/she) self-employed or working in a family business? >401c< Was this business incorporated? >401g< Was (he/she) working for pay? >401k< In what year did (he/she) stop doing this work? Sibling roster >z401< Now I would like to ask you some questions about your brothers and sisters. Please count those born alive but no longer living, as well as those alive now. Also include step-brothers and step-sisters and children adopted by your parents. How many sisters did you have? >z40e< Was she older than you (born earlier)? >z40a< How many of these sisters were older than you (born earlier)? >z40b< How many brothers did you have? >z40f< Was he older than you (born earlier)? >z40c< How many of these brothers were older than you (born earlier)? >401x< Now I'd like you to tell me about your living biological or adopted brothers and sisters. Do you have any BIOLOGICAL or ADOPTED brothers or sisters who are LIVING? >z15< Are you by any chance a twin? >z15d< Is your twin living? >z15a< What is your twin's name? >z15c< Is (Twin's name) your identical twin? *** A living twin is automatically chosen as the Selected sibling. Even though the respondent has just discussed the twin, he/she must also be included in the following roster in order to obtain more information and make that twin eligible for selection. >402a< Now we'd like to ask some more questions about your brothers and sisters. Please tell me the names of your living biological or adopted brothers and sisters(, INCLUDING your twin). >B402< What is the first name of your (next) oldest brother or sister? >z402< What is (his/her) last name? >402B< Is (Sibling's name) male or female? >403A< Is (Sibling's name) your full, adopted, or half (brother/sister)? >402D< How old is (Sibling's name)? >z11< What is the highest grade or year of regular school that (he/she) completed? >402E< Do you have any other LIVING BIOLOGICAL OR ADOPTED brothers or sisters? Selected sibling general information >403< Now I'd like to ask some questions about one of your brothers or sisters. We selected (Sibling's name) for these questions. >z12< What is (Sibling's name)'s full name? >z12a< What is (Sibling's name)'s street address? >z12b< In what city and state does (Sibling's name) live? >z13< What is the name of the last high school that (Sibling's name) attended? >z13a< In what city and state is (High school name) located? >403B< Did (Sibling's name) live with you in the same household most of the time until you were about 16 years old? *** If there is a large age gap between R and sibling, and they did not live in the same household because one had already set up an independent household before the other turned 16 years old, ask whether the two were raised by the same set of parents. If they say "YES", record "YES". >403D< Could you tell me more about that? >403F< Is (Sibling's name) married, divorced, separated, widowed, or has (he/she) never been married? >403J< How many, if any, children does your (brother/sister) have? Employment >403L< Is (Sibling's name) currently working at a paid job? >403N< Does (Sibling's name) do any work at all, even if it's only a part-time job? Include unpaid work of 15 or more hours per week in a family business or farm. >404< Is (he/she) looking for work, keeping house, unable to work, retired, or what? >404f< Has (Sibling's name) ever worked for pay at any job or worked without pay 15 or more hours per week in a family business or farm? >404n< What kind of work (does/did) your (brother/sister) do? >404s< What (are/were) (his/her) principal activities or duties? >406< What kind of business or industry (are/were) this? >406f< (Is/Was) this mainly manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail trade or something else? >406m< (Is/Was) (he/she) employed by government, by a private company or organization, or (are/were) (he/she) self-employed or working in a family business? >406o< (Is/Was) this business incorporated? >406q< (Is/Was) (he/she) working for pay? >4b6< Did you ever help (Sibling's name) find a job? >4c6< How did you help? Contact and closeness >408< During the past 12 months, about how often did you have any contact with (Sibling's name), either in person, by letter, or by phone? >408m< In what year did you last see (Sibling's name)? >410t< In terms of your general outlook on life, would you say that you and your (brother/sister) share very similar views, somewhat similar views, not very similar views, or not at all similar views? >412< How close would you say you are to (Sibling's name)? Would you say you are very close, somewhat close, not very close, or not close at all? Sibling comparison *** When looking back on their life, people often compare themselves to their siblings. We are interested in how people have done relative to their siblings, in terms of education and work. The time reference here is NOW. >424s< Now we are interested in how you compare yourself to your (brother/sister) (Sibling's name). Let's begin with education. Have you done much better, better, about the same, worse, or much worse than your (brother/sister)? >426< What about in work? >426f< What about financially? XII. Religion >z10< Next I have some questions about your religion. What was the main religious preference of your family when you were a senior in high school? >z10b< What specific denomination is that? >448s< What is your religious preference (now)? >448t< What specific denomination is that? >452f< About how often, if at all, have you attended religious services during the past year? >452m< Do you and your (husband/wife) have the same religious preference now? >452q< What is (his/her) religious preference? >454n< What specific denomination is that? >454s< How about before you were married? Was (his/her) religious preference the same as it is now? >455< What was (his/her) religious preference at that time? >454r< What specific denomination is that? XIII. Selected friend *** The purpose of these questions is to find out about whether people maintain ties with their old high school friends. Respondents may wonder how we know the names of their friends. In response, they should be told that at several points in the survey they will be asked questions that draw on information they gave us when they were interviewed in 1975-1977. That information, of course, is kept in strict confidence. Contact and closeness >460< In 1975, you told us that (Friend's name) was one of your high school friends. Is (he/she) living now? >460c< During the past 12 months, about how often did you have any contact with (him/her) either in person, by letter, or by phone? >460m< In what year did you last see (him/her)? >462d< Have you had any contact at all with (him/her) within the last 5 years? >462f< How close would you say you are to (him/her)? Would you say you are very close, somewhat close, not very close, or not at all close? Comparison >462m< Overall, how do you think you compare with (him/her)? Let's begin with education, have you done much better, better, about the same, worse, or much worse than your high school friend? >462s< What about work? Have you done much better, better, about the same, worse, or much worse than your high school friend? >464< Financially, have you done much better, better, about the same, worse, or much worse than your high school friend? Deceased friend >465< When did (he/she) die? >465e< Was (Friend's name) (his/her) complete name? >465j< In what city and state did (he/she) die? XIV. Psychological *** In this section, we are interested in how respondents evaluate their feelings about themselves as they enter mid-life, their relationships with other people, and their sense of direction in life. >438s< The next section provides several statements that people might use to describe themselves. Please tell us whether you agree or disagree with the following statements. I tend to be influenced by people with strong opinions. >439< Is that strongly, moderately, or slightly? >440< In general, I feel I am in charge of the situation in which I live. Do you agree or disagree? >440b< Is that strongly, moderately, or slightly? >440m< Maintaining close relationships has been difficult and frustrating for me. Do you agree or disagree? >440p< Is that strongly, moderately, or slightly? >440s< Some people wander aimlessly through life but I am not one of them. Do you agree or disagree? >441< Is that strongly, moderately, or slightly? >442< When I look at the story of my life, I am pleased with how things have turned out. Do you agree or disagree? >442b< Is that strongly, moderately, or slightly? >442m< The demands of everyday life often get me down. Do you agree or disagree >442p< Is that strongly, moderately, or slightly? >442s< For me, life has been a continuous process of learning, changing, and growing. Do you agree or disagree? >443< Is that strongly, moderately, or slightly? >488g< I have not experienced many warm and trusting relationships with others. Do you agree or disagree? >488j< Is that strongly, moderately, or slightly? >488m< I live life one day at a time and don't really think about the future. Do you agree or disagree? >488p< Is that strongly, moderately, or slightly? >490< I judge myself by what I think is important, not by what others think is important. Do you agree or disagree? >490b< Is that strongly, moderately, or slightly? >490m< I gave up trying to make big improvements or changes in my life a long time ago. Do you agree or disagree? >490p< Is that strongly, moderately, or slightly? >492f< I like most aspects of my personality. Do you agree or disagree? >492j< Is that strongly, moderately, or slightly? XV. Parents' income >538m< Now I have some questions about your (PARENTS and PARENTS-IN-LAW) economic situation. *** We want to get the respondent's best estimate of income for the past 12 months. We are interested in all regular sources of income. We would prefer that the respondent estimate an amount for this question and not default to the questions that follow (which provide a bracketed amount of income). It is important to reassure the respondent that their reports are kept completely confidential. Still married parents >540m< About how much income would you say your parents received in the past 12 months? Include all sources, including income from employment, Social Security, pensions, and investments. >540s< Would it amount to $25,000 or more? >542< $50,000 or more? >542f< $5,000 or more? >542m< Do your parents own their own home? *** Owning a home includes making mortgage payments to buy the home. >542s< Suppose your parents were to sell all of their possessions including their (home and) investments, and pay off all of their debts. Would they have something left over, break even, or be in debt? *** This question establishes whether the parents/in-laws have any assets that they could rely on or that the respondent might potentially inherit someday. We do not want to ask the next question about the net value of those assets if respondents know that their parents are mainly in debt, never had any, or have already sold them. >544< How much would be left over? *** Enter the best estimate of what the respondent's parents are worth, net of any debts they owe for anything. For example, if the parents own a home and it is worth $75,000 and their only debt is $25,000 for its mortgage we want to enter $50,000 as what would be "left over". If respondents get confused, reassure them that we want only their best estimate of what would be left over if their parents "turned everything into cash and paid off all of their debts". If the respondent still hesitates, move on to the next questions to "bracket" that amount. >544f< Would it amount to $25,000 or more? >544m< $100,000 or more? >544s< $1,000 or more? Remarried fathers >546m< Approximately what was your father's and his wife's total income in the past 12 months from all sources including income from employment, Social Security, pensions, and investments. >546s< Would it amount to $25,000 or more? >548< $50,000 or more? >548f< $5,000 or more? >548m< Do your father and his wife own their own home? >548s< Suppose your father and his wife were to sell all of their possessions including their (home and) investments, and pay off all of their debts. Would they have something left over, break even, or be in debt? >550< How much would be left over? >550f< Would it amount to $25,000 or more? >550m< $100,000 or more? >550s< $1,000 or more? Unmarried fathers >552< Approximately what was your father's total income in the past 12 months from all sources including income from employment, Social Security, pensions, and investments. >552f< Would it amount to $25,000 or more? >552m< $50,000 or more? >552s< $5,000 or more? >554< Does your father own his own home? >554f< Suppose your father were to sell all of his possessions including his (home and) investments, and pay off all of his debts. Would he have something left over, break even, or be in debt? >554m< How much would be left over? >554s< Would it amount to $25,000 or more? >556< $100,000 or more? >556f< $1,000 or more? Remarried mothers >558< Approximately what was your mother's and her husband's total income in the past 12 months from all sources including income from employment, Social Security, pensions, and investments. >558f< Would it amount to $25,000 or more? >558m< $50,000 or more? >558s< $5,000 or more? >560< Do your mother and her husband own their own home? >560f< Suppose your mother and her husband were to sell all of their possessions including their (home and) investments, and pay off all of their debts. Would they have something left over, break even, or be in debt? >560m< How much would be left over? >560s< Would it amount to $25,000 or more? >562< $100,000 or more? >562f< $1,000 or more? Unmarried mothers >562m< Approximately what was your mother's total income in the past 12 months from all sources including income from employment, Social Security, pensions, and investments. >562s< Would it amount to $25,000 or more? >564< $50,000 or more? >564f< $5,000 or more? >564m< Does your mother own her own home? >564s< Suppose your mother were to sell all of her possessions including her (home and) investments, and pay off all of her debts. Would she have something left over, break even, or be in debt? >566< How much would be left over? >566f< Would it amount to $25,000 or more? >566m< $100,000 or more? >566s< $1,000 or more? Still married in-laws >568s< Approximately what was your parents-in-law's total income in the past 12 months from all sources including income from employment, Social Security, pensions, and investments. >570< Would it amount to $25,000 or more? >570f< $50,000 or more? >570m< $5,000 or more? >570s< Do your in-law's own their own home? >572< Suppose your in-law's were to sell all of their possessions including their (home and) investments, and pay off all of their debts. Would they have something left over, break even, or be in debt? >572f< How much would be left over? >572m< Would it amount to $25,000 or more? >572s< $100,000 or more? >574< $1,000 or more? Remarried or unmarried father-in-laws >574m< Approximately what was your father-in-law's total income in the past 12 months from all sources including income from employment, Social Security, pensions, and investments. >574s< Would it amount to $25,000 or more? >576< $50,000 or more? >576f< $5,000 or more? >576m< Does your father in-law own his own home? >576s< Suppose your father in-law were to sell all of his possessions including his (home and) investments, and pay off all of his debts. Would he have something left over, break even, or be in debt? >578< How much would be left over? >578f< Would it amount to $25,000 or more? >578m< $100,000 or more? >578s< $1,000 or more? Remarried or unmarried mother-in-laws >580f< Approximately what was your mother-in-law's total income in the past 12 months from all sources including income from employment, Social Security, pensions, and investments. >580m< Would it amount to $25,000 or more? >580s< $50,000 or more? >582< $5,000 or more? >582f< Does your mother in-law own her own home? >582m< Suppose your mother-in-law were to sell all of her possessions including her (home and) investments, and pay off all of her debts. Would she have something left over, break even, or be in debt? >582s< How much would be left over? >584< Would it amount to $25,000 or more? >584f< $100,000 or more? >584m< $1,000 or more? XVI. Income *** This section is intended to obtain reports on every source of income and amounts received during the past 12 months for all members of the household. (An exception is that there a question about child support and alimony paid by anyone in the household.) The section begins by focusing on earnings and self-employment income of the respondent (and spouse) and then asks about other sources of income for anyone in the household. Household members for this purpose include anyone currently living with the respondent as well as students who lived with the respondent while school was in session. The incomes of students who lived in the household only during the summer between sessions should not be included, nor should the incomes of other persons who lived in the household during the past twelve months but who are not currently living there. For all of these questions it is important to reassure the respondent that their best estimate is very valuable to us, and to try to avoid DKs. Try to minimize refusals by reminding the respondent that this sensitive information is kept completely confidential. >594n< Next I have some questions about your (own) economic situation. In the last 12 months, how much have you, yourself, received in WAGES, SALARIES, COMMISSIONS, AND TIPS before taxes and other deductions? *** If the respondent cannot report on their gross pay before taxes and other deductions but can report on their take-home pay, enter the take-home amount. If the respondent owns a business or farm from which they get paid a salary for operating it, enter that salary here. >594s< In the last 12 months, have you, yourself, received any NET INCOME from your own business, professional practice, partnership, or farm other than wages or salaries that you have already told us about? *** Net income refers to profits that are left after subtracting all costs of doing business or farming. It may help to add: "We want to know how much profit you made from that operation last year". Again, if they pay themselves a salary, this is part of the costs of doing business and should be entered as income separately in the previous question. >596< In the last 12 months, what was your NET INCOME from your business, professional practice, partnership, or farm, after all expenses, but before taxes? >600m< In the last 12 months, how much did your (husband/wife) receive in WAGES, SALARIES, COMMISSIONS, AND TIPS before taxes and other deductions? *** Some respondents stated that their income types reported earlier were actually JOINT incomes. When you learn that a respondent has a joint income receipt, make a note at that item, or enter a comment at the end of the interview. >600s< In the last 12 months, did your (husband/wife) receive any NET INCOME from (his/her) own business, professional practice, partnership or farm, other than wages or salaries that you have already told us about? >602< In the last 12 months, what was (his/her) NET INCOME from (his/her) business, professional practice, partnership, or farm, after all expenses, but before taxes? >603w< Has anyone else in your household received income from WAGES, SALARIES, COMMISSIONS, OR SELF-EMPLOYMENT in the last 12 months? >604< Who else received wage, salary, or self-employment income? >605< How much did (he/she) receive in WAGES, SALARIES, COMMISSIONS, TIPS, AND SELF-EMPLOYMENT INCOME in the last 12 months? >604a< Who, if anyone, else received wage, salary, or self-employment income? >605a< How much did (he/she) receive in WAGES, SALARIES, COMMISSIONS, TIPS, AND SELF-EMPLOYMENT INCOME in the last 12 months? >604b< Who, if anyone, else received wage, salary, or income? >605b< How much did (he/she) receive in WAGES, SALARIES, COMMISSIONS, TIPS, AND SELF-EMPLOYMENT INCOME in the last 12 months? >604c< Who, if anyone, else received wage, salary, or income? >605c< How much did (he/she) receive in WAGES, SALARIES, COMMISSIONS, TIPS, AND SELF-EMPLOYMENT INCOME in the last 12 months? >604d< Who, if anyone, else received wage, salary, or income? >605d< How much did (he/she) receive in WAGES, SALARIES, COMMISSIONS, TIPS, AND SELF-EMPLOYMENT INCOME in the last 12 months? >606< Did you (or anyone in your household) receive income from INTEREST DIVIDENDS or OTHER INVESTMENTS in the last 12 months? *** Other investments can include any kind of investment that provided an income return, but do not include the value of the investment itself. For example we want to include the rent from rental property, but not the value of the property that generated this rental income. The questions about assets will obtain the property value later. If the respondent sold an asset to get a capital gain on its sale, enter that below in Q-621 as other income (a capital gain is the positive difference between what a property was bought for and its sale price; we ignore capital losses). >607< Who received income from interest, dividends, or other investments? >608< How much did (you/he/she) receive in INTEREST DIVIDENDS or OTHER INVESTMENTS in the last 12 months? >607a< Who else, if anyone, else received income from interest, dividends, or other investments? >608a< How much did (you/he/she) receive in INTEREST DIVIDENDS or OTHER INVESTMENTS in the last 12 months? >607b< Who, if anyone, else received income from interest, dividends, or other investments? >608b< How much did (you/he/she) receive in INTEREST DIVIDENDS or OTHER INVESTMENTS in the last 12 months? >609< Did you (or anyone in your household) receive SOCIAL SECURITY or SUPPLEMENTAL SECURITY income in the last 12 months? *** Social Security payments can include regular retirement benefits, survivors benefits paid to the children of a deceased worker, and disability payments for disabled workers. Do not include payments from state worker's compensation or unemployment benefits. Also do not include any Medicare benefits--these are paid to health care providers and are not considered Social Security income payments. >610< Who received this income? >611< How much did (you/he/she) receive in SOCIAL SECURITY or SUPPLEMENTAL SECURITY income in the last 12 months? >610a< Who, if anyone, else received income from Social Security or SSI? >611a< How much did (you/he/she) receive in SOCIAL SECURITY or SUPPLEMENTAL SECURITY income in the last 12 months? >610b< Who, if anyone, else received this Social Security or SSI? >611b< How much did (you/he/she) receive in SOCIAL SECURITY or SUPPLEMENTAL SECURITY income in the last 12 months? >612< Did you (or anyone in your household) receive income from PENSIONS, ANNUITIES, or SURVIVOR'S BENEFITS in the last 12 months? *** The incomes reported here should include private pensions that replace earnings after retirement, as well as settlements from life insurance or pension plans that pay benefits to widow(er)s after the death of their spouse. >613< Who received this income? >614< How much did (you/he/she) receive in PENSIONS, ANNUITIES, or SURVIVOR'S BENEFITS in the last 12 months? >613a< Who, if anyone, else received pensions, annuities, or survivor's benefits? >614a< How much did (you/he/she) receive in PENSIONS, ANNUITIES, or SURVIVOR'S BENEFITS in the last 12 months? >613b< Who, if anyone, else received pensions, annuities, or survivor's benefits? >614b< How much did (you/he/she) receive in PENSIONS, ANNUITIES, or SURVIVOR'S BENEFITS in the last 12 months? >615< Did you (or anyone in your household) receive PUBLIC ASSISTANCE income in the last 12 months? This includes welfare or AFDC, food stamps, general assistance, and energy assistance. *** Public assistance includes welfare or Aid to Families with Dependent Children, food stamps, and general assistance payments (usually paid by county governments). All of these programs pay benefits in cash (except for food stamps) to households with very low incomes and few assets. Do not include other non-cash benefits such as payments to get health care from Medicaid, or the value of public housing subsidies. Also do not include worker's compensation or unemployment benefits (because these are available to households of any income level, as distinct from the means- tested welfare programs of interest here). >616< Who received this income? >617< How much did (you/he/she) receive in PUBLIC ASSISTANCE income in the last 12 months? >616a< Who, if anyone, else received public assistance? >617a< How much did (you/he/she) receive in PUBLIC ASSISTANCE income in the last 12 months? >616b< Who, if anyone, else received public assistance? >617b< How much did (you/he/she) receive in PUBLIC ASSISTANCE income in the last 12 months? >618< In the past 12 months, did you (or anyone in your household) receive income from OTHER GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS such as unemployment compensation, worker's compensation, veteran's benefits, or disability payments. *** Other government programs may include cash payments for Supplemental Security Income (SSI), worker's compensation, unemployment insurance benefits, veteran's benefits (such as the GI Bill for schooling expenses), income from the Earned Income Tax Credit, and farm subsidy payments that were not reported under farm profits. Government grants for student's schooling expenses may also be included here, but do not include student loans. Again, we primarily interested in cash income benefits, and thus government programs like School Lunch, school breakfast, the WIC nutrition program and housing subsidies should be excluded. >619< Who received this income? >620< How much did (you/he/she) receive in income from OTHER GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS in the last 12 months? >619a< Who, if anyone, else received income from government programs? >620a< How much did (you/he/she) receive in income from OTHER GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS in the last 12 months? >619b< Who, if anyone, else received income from government programs? >620b< How much did (you/he/she) receive in income from OTHER GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS in the last 12 months? >625< Did you (or anyone in your household) RECEIVE CHILD SUPPORT income in the last 12 months? *** Child support payments reported here would be from a parent who does not live with a child who is in the household, that are received for the child by a parent or guardian who does live in the household. >626< Who received this income? >627< How much did (you/he/she) receive in CHILD SUPPORT in the last 12 months? >626a< Who, if anyone, else received child support income? >627a< How much did (you/he/she) receive in CHILD SUPPORT in the last 12 months? >625b< Who else, if anyone, received child support? >626b< How much did (you/he/she) receive in CHILD SUPPORT in the last 12 months? >6A4< Did you (or anyone in your household) RECEIVE ALIMONY income in the last 12 months? *** Alimony is a payment to an ex-spouse that is part of a divorce settlement. This is sometimes called a "family maintenance" payment. It is separate from child support payments in that alimony or family maintenance is paid to divorced (wo)men. >6A5< Who received alimony income? >6A6< How much did (you/he/she) receive in ALIMONY in the last 12 months? >6A5a< Who, if anyone, else received alimony? >6A6a< How much did (you/he/she) receive in ALIMONY in the last 12 months? >6A5b< Who, if anyone, else received alimony? >6A6b< How much did (you/he/she) receive in ALIMONY in the last 12 months? >621< In the last 12 months did you (or anyone in your household) receive income from any source that we have not already mentioned? This would include gifts, lump sum payments, and inheritances. *** Include any other source of income during the past year, including irregular sources like lottery winnings, proceeds from one-time asset sales, and other miscellaneous income sources not yet reported. Use comments to enter what type of income is reported here. It is all right if your comment reports an income type that the respondent should have reported earlier. We can reallocate that income to the appropriate category later. >622< Who received this income? >623< What type of income was that? Was it an inheritance, a gift, or something else? >624< How much did (you/he/she) receive in OTHER INCOME in the last 12 months? >622a< Who, if anyone, else received other income? >623a< What type of income was that? Was it an inheritance, a gift, or something else? >624a< How much did (you/he/she) receive in OTHER INCOME in the last 12 months? >622b< Who, if anyone, else received other income? >623b< What type of income was that? Was it an inheritance, a gift, or something else? >624b< How much did (you/he/she) receive in OTHER INCOME in the last 12 months? >6A1< Did you (or anyone in your household) PAY CHILD SUPPORT to someone in the last 12 months? >6A2< Who paid CHILD SUPPORT? >6A3< How much did (you/he/she) pay in CHILD SUPPORT in the last 12 months? >6A2a< Who, if anyone, else paid CHILD SUPPORT? >6A3a< How much did (you/he/she) pay in CHILD SUPPORT in the last 12 months? >6A2b< Who, if anyone, else paid CHILD SUPPORT? >6A3b< How much did (you/he/she) pay in CHILD SUPPORT in the last 12 months? >6A7< Did you (or anyone in your household) PAY ALIMONY to someone in the last 12 months? >6A8< Who paid this ALIMONY? >6A9< How much did (you/he/she) pay in ALIMONY in the last 12 months? >6A8a< Who, if anyone, else paid this ALIMONY? >6A9a< How much did (you/he/she) pay in ALIMONY in the last 12 months? >6A8b< Who, if anyone, else paid this ALIMONY? >6A9b< How much did (you/he/she) pay in ALIMONY in the last 12 months? XVII. Intertransfers *** Transfers here refer to gifts or loans of money or other things of value to or from someone who was not living with the respondent (excluding children). WLS respondents are still likely to provide substantial help to their children, and may also provide help to their own parents or other relatives. The questions focus on parent-child connections more than other family linkages, but we want to know about all kinds of inter-transfers to or from anyone in the household. For respondents who may want to know, it may help to explain that: "We are interested in the extent to which friends and relatives are able to help each other financially, and how this help may substitute for or add to what the government does". Inheritance and charity contributions >640< Did anyone ever leave you (or your) (husband/wife) (at that time) anything worth more than $1,000 when they died? Include inheritances, insurance settlements, or shares in a family business or farm. *** It is OK if respondent previously reported an inheritance. >641< What was the total value of all inheritances, insurance settlements, and shares in a business or farm that you (or your) (husband/wife) (at that time) ever received when someone died. >642< In what year did you last receive anything worth more than $1,000 from someone when they died? >643a< During the last year, did you (or your husband/wife) make charitable contributions of money or property totaling $500 or more? >644< Roughly, how much did you (or your husband/wife) contribute? *** We are not including the value of time given to charity from volunteer workers.If goods such as clothing and furniture donations total more than $500, however, they would be included here. Receiving >647< Other than inheritances, over the years have any of your PARENTS (or PARENTS-IN-LAW) given you (or your) (husband/wife) money totaling $1,000 or more at one time for a down-payment on a home, living expenses, or to pay for education, medical care, or for other needs (while they were alive)? >646< Have any of your PARENTS (or PARENTS-IN-LAW) ever given you (or your) (husband/wife) property or other assets totaling $1,000 or more? >648< Which parent gave you the most money, property, or assets? >649< Altogether, what is the total amount you have RECEIVED from (him/her/them)? >650< What was the main reason that (he/she/they) helped in that way? >651< What was the most recent year that (he/she/they) gave you something worth $1,000 or more? >648a< Which, if any, other parent gave you (or your) (husband/wife) the next most money property or assets? >649a< Altogether, what is the total amount you have RECEIVED from (him/her/them)? >650a< What was the main reason that (he/she/they) helped in that way? >651a< What was the most recent year that (he/she/they) gave you something worth $1,000 or more? >648b< Which, if any, other parent gave you (or your) (husband/wife) the next most money property or assets? >649b< Altogether what is the total amount you have RECEIVED from (him/her/them)? >650b< What was the main reason that (he/she/they) helped in that way? >651b< What was the most recent year that (he/she/they) gave you something worth $1,000 or more? >653< Not counting inheritances, has ANYONE ELSE who was not living with you ever given you (or your) (husband/wife) money totaling $1,000 or more for a down-payment on a home, living expenses, or to pay for education, medical care, or other needs (while they were alive)? >652< Other than inheritances, has ANYONE ELSE who was not living with you at the time ever given you (or your) (husband/wife) property or assets, other than money, totaling $1,000 or more (while they were alive)? >654< Who, if anyone, gave you the most money, property, or assets? >655< Altogether what is the total amount you have RECEIVED from (him/her/them)? >656< What was the main reason that (he/she/they) helped in that way? >657< What was the most recent year that (he/she/they) gave you something worth $1,000 or more? >654a< Who, if anyone else, helped you (or your) (husband/wife) the next most? >655a< Altogether what is the total amount you have RECEIVED from (him/her/them)? >656a< What was the main reason that (he/she/they) helped in that way? >657a< What was the most recent year that (he/she/they) gave you something worth $1,000 or more? >654b< Who, if anyone, helped you (or your) (husband/wife) the next most? >655b< Altogether what is the total amount you have RECEIVED from (him/her/them)? >656b< What was the main reason that (he/she/they) helped in that way? >657b< What was the most recent year that (he/she/they) gave you something worth $1,000 or more? Transfers TO children >660< (We want to find out about financial help you may have given to your adult children.) Since 1975 have you (or your) (husband/wife) GIVEN or loaned to any of your CHILDREN $1,000 or more to help with a down-payment on a home? *** We are interested in money or property transfers to children regardless of whether or not they are living with the respondent. >661< Which of your children did you give the most help in this way? >662< Altogether what is the total amount you have given (him/her)? >663< What was the most recent year in which you helped (him/her) in this way? >661a< Which, if any, of your other children did you help the next most in this way? >662a< Altogether what was the total amount you have given (him/her)? >663a< What is the most recent year in which you helped (him/her) in this way? >661b< Which, if any, of your other children did you help next most in this way? >662b< Altogether what is the total amount you have given (him/her)? >663b< What was the most recent year in which you helped (him/her) in this way? >664< Since 1975 have you (or your) (husband/wife) GIVEN or loaned to any of your CHILDREN money totaling $1,000 or more to help them enter or continue in a business or farm? >665< Which of your children did you help the most in this way? >666< Altogether what is the total amount you have given (him/her)? >667< What was the most recent year in which you helped (him/her) in this way? >665a< Which, if any, of your other children did you help the next most in this way? >666a< Altogether what is the total amount you have given (him/her)? >667a< What was the most recent year in which you helped (him/her) in this way? >665b< Which, if any, of your other children did you help the next most in this way? >666b< Altogether what is the total amount you have given (him/her)? >667b< What was the most recent year in which you helped (him/her) in this way? >668< (Since 1975 have you (or your) (husband/wife) GIVEN or loaned to any of your CHILDREN money totaling $1,000 or more) to help with educational expenses? *** Parents' contribution to the tuition of their child should be included. >669< Which of your children did you help the most in this way? >670< Altogether what is the total amount you have given (him/her)? >671< What was the most recent year in which you helped (him/her) in this way? >669a< Which, if any, of your other children did you help the next most in this way? >670a< Altogether what is the total amount you have given (him/her) >671a< What was the most recent year in which you helped (him/her) in this way? >669b< Which, if any, of your other children did you help the next most in this way? >670b< Altogether what is the total amount you have given (him/her)? >671b< What was the most recent year in which you helped (him/her) in this way? >672< (Since 1975 have you (or your) (husband/wife) GIVEN or loaned to any of your CHILDREN money totaling $1,000 or more) to increase their wealth or decrease their debt? >673< Which of your children did you help the most in this way? >674< Altogether what is the total amount you have given (him/her)? >675< What was the most recent year in which you helped (him/her) in this way? >673a< Which, if any, of your other children did you help the next most in this way? >674a< Altogether what is the total amount you have given (him/her)? >675a< What was the most recent year in which you helped (him/her) in this way? >673b< Which, if any, of your other children did you help the next most in this way? >674b< Altogether what is the total amount you have given (him/her)? >675b< What was the most recent year in which you helped (him/her) in this way? >676< (Since 1975 have you (or your) (husband/wife) GIVEN or loaned to any of your CHILDREN money totaling $1,000 or more) for medical expenses or medical insurance? >677< Which of your children did you help the most in this way? >678< Altogether what is the total amount you have given (him/her)? >679< What was the most recent year in which you helped (him/her) in this way? >677a< Which, if any, of your other children did you help the next most in this way? >678a< Altogether what is the total amount you have given (him/her)? >679a< What was the most recent year in which you helped (him/her) in this way? >677b< Which, if any, of your other children did you help the next most in this way? >678c< Altogether what is the total amount you have given (him/her)? >679c< What was the most recent year in which you helped (him/her) in this way? >677d< Which, if any, of your other children did you help the most in this way? >678d< Altogether what is the total amount you have given (him/her)? >679d< What was the most recent year in which you helped (him/her) in this way? >680< (Since 1975 have you (or your) (husband/wife) GIVEN or loaned to any of your CHILDREN money totaling $1,000 or more) for housing or other regular living expenses? >681< Which of your children did you help the most in this way? >682< Altogether what is the total amount you have given (him/her)? >683< What was the most recent year in which you helped (him/her) in this way? >681a< Which, if any, of your other children did you help the next most in this way? >682a< Altogether what is the total amount you have given (him/her)? >683a< What was the most recent year in which you helped (him/her) in this way? >681b< Which, if any, of your other children did you help the next most in this way? >682b< Altogether what is the total amount you have given (him/her)? >683b< What was the most recent year in which you helped (him/her) in this way? >681c< Which, if any, of your other children did you help the next most in this way? >682c< Altogether what is the total amount you have given (him/her)? >683c< What was the most recent year in which you helped (him/her) in this way? >688< Since 1975 have you (or your) (husband/wife) GIVEN or loaned to any of your CHILDREN money totaling $1,000 or more for any other reason? >689< Which of your children did you help the most in this way? >690< Altogether what is the total amount you have given (him/her)? >691< What was the most recent year in which you helped (him/her) in this way? >689a< Which, if any, of your other children did you help the next most in this way? >690a< Altogether what is the total amount you have given (him/her)? >691b< What was the most recent year in which you helped (him/her) in this way? >689c< Which, if any, of your other children did you help the most in this way? >690c< Altogether what is the total amount you have given (him/her)? >691c< What was the most recent year in which you helped (him/her) in this way? >689d< Which, if any, of your other children did you help the next most in this way? >690d< Altogether what is the total amount you have given (him/her)? >691d< What was the most recent year in which you helped (him/her) in this way? Giving >692< Since 1975, did you (or your) (husband/wife) help any of your PARENTS (or PARENTS-IN-LAW)by giving or loaning them property, assets, or money totaling $1,000 or more? >693< Which, if any, did you help the most? >694< Altogether what is the total amount you HAVE GIVEN (him/her/them)? >695< What was the main reason that you helped (him/her/them)? >696< What was the most recent year that you gave (him/her/them) something worth $1,000 or more? >693a< Which, if any, other parent did you help the next most? >694a< Altogether what is the total amount you HAVE GIVEN (him/her/them)? >695a< What was the main reason that you helped (him/her/them)? >696a< What was the most recent year that you gave (him/her/them) something worth $1,000 or more? >693b< Which, if any, other parent did you help the next most? >694b< Altogether what is the total amount you HAVE GIVEN (him/her/them)? >695b< What was the main reason that you helped (him/her/them)? >696b< What was the most recent year that you gave (him/her/them) something worth $1,000 or more? >697< Is there ANYONE ELSE, including your brothers or sisters, other relatives, or friends that you (or your) (husband/wife) helped by giving or loaning them property, assets, or money totaling $1,000 or more since 1975? >698< Who did you help the most? >699< Altogether what is the total amount you HAVE GIVEN (him/her/them)? >700< What was the main reason that you helped (him/her/them)? >701< What was the most recent year that you gave (him/her) something worth $1,000 or more? >698a< Who, if anyone, did you help the next most? >699a< Altogether what is the total amount you HAVE GIVEN (him/her/them)? >700a< What was the main reason that you helped (him/her/them)? >701a< What was the most recent year that you gave (him/her/them) something worth $1,000 or more? >698b< Who, if anyone, did you help the next most? >699b< Altogether what is the total amount you HAVE GIVEN (him/her/them)? >700b< What was the main reason that you helped (him/her/them)? >701b< What was the most recent year that you gave (him/her/them) something worth $1,000 or more? XVIII. Assets *** This section asks about all types of assets. We are interested both in whether the respondent or their spouse owns various assets as well as what these goods are worth to the respondent net of any debt still owed on them. We also ask about balances in excess of $5000 owed for credit cards and other personal loans. As in the case of the income and inter-transfer items, it is important to reassure respondents that we do not require exact amounts; their best estimate will be very valuable. Emphasize again that all that all their reports are kept confidential. >814m< Do you own your own home, or are you renting? *** Owning a home also includes anyone who is making mortgage payments on their home. >814s< How much do you think your home would sell for now? >814z< How much, if anything, do you owe on your home? >816f< Do you own any other real estate? *** Owning real estate includes buying it on a land contract or other arrangement. >816m< How much do you think this other real estate would sell for now? >816z< How much, if anything, do you owe on your other real estate? >818< Do you own a business or farm? *** Some respondents cannot or do not wish to separate the farm or business from their home. When you run across this please ask the respondent to answer how they want to, but to explain the answer to you. Definitely write a note explaining what the value in each question (on home and farm/business) means. If the respondent insists on giving the value of the home and farm/business together, it does not matter in which question you answer it as long as you explain it. >818f< How much do you think this business or farm would sell for now? >818z< How much, if anything, do you owe on your business or farm? >818s< Do you own any motor vehicles, including cars, trucks, campers, boats, and other RVs? >820m< Altogether how much do you think these vehicles would sell for now? >820z< How much, if anything, do you owe on these vehicles? >820n< People often owe money for credit cards, installment loans, overdue bills, and personal loans for schooling or other purposes. Do you owe a total of $5,000 or more for anything other than mortgages, vehicles, or real estate that we have already talked about? *** Debts that the respondent has not accounted for in answering previous questions about the net worth of their assets should be included in this question. >820s< Altogether how much do you owe on all your debts other than mortgage, car, and business loans? >821f< Would it amount to $10,000 or more? >821m< Would it amount to $25,000 or more? >822< About how much is the total value of your (and your husband/wife's) savings, including savings accounts, savings bonds, IRAs, money market shares, and CDs? Just tell me the best estimate you can give. >822f< (In addition to those savings,) About how much is the total value of your (and your husband/wife's) investments, including stocks, bonds, shares in mutual funds or other investments? Include tax deferred annuities in mutual funds. *** "Other investments" can include anything that the respondent has which they consider a store of value. This might include antiques, art, gold, jewelry, musical instruments, and other collectibles. XIX. Health Insurance *** Earlier in the interview when we asked about respondent's past employment, we also asked whether or not each employer offered health insurance to the respondent. The purpose of the questions in this section is slightly different: we wish to identify the source(s) of the respondent's current health insurance coverage and whether this coverage depends on the respondent's continued employment (or that of his/her spouse). For respondents who do not have any health insurance coverage, we are interested in learning why. NOTE: Throughout this section we are interested in all kinds of health insurance except those that pay only for accidents or disability (i.e., insurance that covers medical expenses only for accidents or injuries incurred on the job). It is also possible for individuals to purchase health insurance policies for specific illnesses [e.g., cancer], but this is relatively rare in the United States. The dominant form of health insurance that is the focus of these questions will pay for medical expenses for work- and non-work-related illnesses, accidents, and injuries as well as routine health care (e.g., annual doctor visits or "check-ups"). This kind of coverage is sometimes referred to as "major medical." >823< Now, we have some questions about health insurance. We are interested in all kinds of health insurance plans except those which pay only for accidents or disability. >824f< Are you currently covered by health insurance offered by your current or former employer or union? >832f< Are you covered by any health insurance through your (husband/wife)'s current or former employer or union? >826f< Do you have any type of health insurance coverage such as Blue- Cross/Blue-Shield which you obtained directly from an insurance company, not from an employer? >826m< Are you covered by any other health insurance that I have not already asked you about? >826n< Can you tell me more about that? >826s< We'd like to know a little more about why people don't have health insurance. Can you tell me the main reason that you don't have any health insurance? Is it because it's too expensive, because you don't need health insurance, because of a job layoff or job loss, or is it something else? XX. Pensions *** Earlier in the interview when we asked about respondent's past employment, we also asked whether or not each employer offered a pension benefit to the respondent. The purpose of the questions in this section is slightly different: we wish to identify the extent and nature of the respondent's current pension coverage. This requires asking a few more questions about pension benefits that are provided by an employer as well as identifying any other sources (or potential sources) of retirement income that the respondent may have. We also ask if the spouses of married respondents are included in a pension or retirement plan offered by an employer. >838< Are you currently included in a pension plan or retirement plan offered by your current or former employer or union? *** This question determines whether or not the respondent is currently covered by a pension or retirement plan through his/her employment. Although we asked about pension benefits provided by current and past employers earlier in the interview, it is necessary to verify that the respondent is (or is not) currently included in an employer-sponsored pension plan. It is possible, for example, that a respondent is covered by a pension from a previous employer even though his/her current (or most recent) employer does not provide pension benefits. (Hence, the wording "...current or former employer...") For some workers, pension benefits may be provided by a union rather than their employer. This is likely to be true for persons who work in construction, building trades, or other crafts' occupations. Do not include Social Security or Railroad Retirement benefits. These are public pension systems provided to all workers by the Federal government. Instead, we wish to know about pension plans provided by an employer or union that include only persons who are working (or have worked) for that organization. A rule of thumb to identify and exclude public benefits: Is the respondent included in a pension plan that is available only to persons who worked for that employer or who were members of that union? If so, then their response to Q-838 should be yes. Some specific situations which may appear to be exceptions to this rule: (a) Some states provide state-wide pension plans for persons who work for the state government or who are employed by state-supported organizations (e.g., schools and universities). (Two such states are Wisconsin and Ohio.) (b) Persons who work in Federal, State, or Local government may be included in pension plans that are available to government employees. Both of these situations meet the rule-of-thumb and should be counted as "yes" to item 838: these pension benefits are available only to persons employed by that state or government system. >838m< What is the earliest age at which you could receive those benefits from this plan? *** For respondents who will receive benefits from a pension plan, we ask the earliest age at which he/she can start collecting these payments. (a) Respondents may respond in terms of "years of service" e.g., "after I've worked there for 20 years." If you receive this response, encourage the respondent to translate this into his/her age at that time--e.g., "Can you tell me how old you would be then?" If an initial probe does not work, record the response of "20 years" in a comment. (b) It is also possible that the "earliest age" at which the respondent can receive benefits will correspond to a "reduced benefit." For example, a worker may be eligible to receive a slightly smaller pension payment at age 62 but he/she could receive his/her full (unreduced) pension payment at age 65. Record the earliest age reported by the respondent regardless of this distinction. (NOTE: Do not mention this distinction between "full" and "reduced benefits" to the respondent. This information is to assist you with any questions raised by the respondent.) >838s< Aside from any employer plan, do you have your own individual IRA or Keogh Account? *** This question asks about savings plans that the respondent himself has established and maintained in preparation for retirement. IRA and Keogh Accounts are special kinds of savings accounts that allow individuals to set aside a percentage of their earnings each year in preparation for retirement. Individuals usually draw upon this money as a source of retirement income after they stop working. (Withdrawing these funds is subject to age requirements (e.g., age 65) and they are not readily available if an individual stops working earlier than this age. It is possible in some cases to withdraw money from these accounts prior to the age of retirement, but a penalty is frequently imposed.) A key characteristic of these savings accounts that distinguishes them from general savings or bank accounts: they allow individuals to defer paying income tax on that part of their annual income that is deposited in the account and/or on the interest earned by the accumulated funds. >844s< Does your (husband/wife) have a pension plan from any of (his/her) current or former employers? >840< Do you have any other retirement or pension plans that I have not asked you about? >840f< What (is this/are these)? *** These questions allow the respondent to tell us about any other pension or retirement arrangements that we did not address specifically in the previous items. Such arrangements might include annuities that the respondent has invested in over the years. Married individuals may respond in terms of joint savings or annuity arrangements as well as some additional asset or retirement benefit available to the spouse that was not covered by the wording in Q-844s. Do not try to disentangle these issues; record the description(s) offered by the respondent. XXI. Health and Depression Depression *** Here we are interested in finding out more about the health and well-being of people in their midlife. Many speculate that the 50s is an especially vulnerable time because of retirement and children moving out to start their own households. We are interested in gathering more factual information about people's experiences with feelings of depression. NOTE: This section has many screens build into it. We expect that only a minority of the respondents will go through the entire section. >866f< Next I have some questions about how you have been feeling. Have you ever had a time in your life lasting two weeks or more when nearly every day you felt sad, blue, depressed, or when you lost interest in most things like work, hobbies, or things you usually liked to do for fun? >866m< This kind of experience is usually called an episode of depression. Sometimes these episodes can be caused by alcohol, drugs, medications, or physical illness. Was your experience with depression always caused by these things? >868< Think of your worst period of depression. How old were you when that period occurred? >868f< Can you think of a particularly bad one? >868m< How old were you when that period occurred? >868s< Then think of your most recent period of feeling this way. How old were you when it occurred? >870a< During that episode, did you lose weight without trying to -- as much as 2 pounds a week for several weeks or as much as 10 pounds altogether? >870b< Did you have two weeks or more when nearly every night you had trouble falling asleep? >870c< Did you have two weeks or more when you lacked energy or felt tired all the time, even when you had not been working very hard? >870d< Did you have two weeks or more when you felt very bad when you got up, but felt better later in the day? >870e< Did you have two weeks or more when you lost interest in most things like work, hobbies, or things you usually liked to do for fun? >870f< Did you have two weeks or more when nearly every day you had a lot more trouble concentrating than is normal for you? >870g< Did you have two weeks or more when you thought a lot about death -- either your own, someone else's, or death in general? >872e< In your lifetime, how many periods have you had that lasted two weeks or more when you felt sad, blue or depressed and also had some of the problems you just told me about? >873< How long did this period last? >873b< How long do these periods usually last? >873d< How much time usually passes from the end of one period to the beginning of the next? >871m< How old were you the first time you had a period of two weeks or more when you had some of these problems and also felt sad, blue or depressed? >871p< About how old were you the first time you had a period of this sort lasting two weeks or more? >871t< How old were you the last time you had a period of this sort? >872f< Between any of these periods, were you feeling O.K. at least for some months? >872g< Between any of these periods were you fully able to work and enjoy being with other people? Alcohol *** If respondents are interested in knowing why we are asking questions about alcohol use, they should be told that as part of the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study, we are interested in finding out more about people's health, and patterns of drinking are very important to people's physical well-being. >874< This next set of questions asks about drinking habits. Have you ever drunk alcoholic beverages, such as beer, wine, liquor, or mixed alcoholic drinks? >874f< During the last month, on how many days did you drink any alcoholic beverages, such as beer, wine, or liquor? >874m< About how many drinks did you have on average on those days? >874s< During the past month, how many times did you have 5 or more drinks on the same occasion? By occasion, we mean at the same time or within a couple of hours of each other? >876< At any time in your life have you felt bad or guilty about drinking? >876f< At any time in your life have people annoyed you by criticizing your drinking? >876m< (At any time in your life) has your drinking caused a problem for you at work? >876s< (At any time in your life) has your drinking created problems between you and your (husband/wife), children, parents, or other near relatives? >878< (At any time in your life) have you gone to anyone for help about drinking, that is, your drinking or anyone else's? >878a< Was that about your drinking or someone else's drinking? >878f< When you were growing up, that is during your first 18 years, did you live with anyone who was a problem drinker or alcoholic? >878s< Have you ever been married to, or lived with someone who was a problem drinker or alcoholic other than when you were growing up? XXII. Caregiving >883< Do you have any long-term PHYSICAL OR MENTAL CONDITION, ILLNESS OR DISABILITY which limits what you are able to do, or which is likely to limit your activities in the future? >883a< What is your most serious condition? >883b< What is your next most serious condition, if any? >884m< Does your (husband/wife) have any long-term PHYSICAL OR MENTAL CONDITION, ILLNESS OR DISABILITY which limits what (he/she) is able to do, or which is likely to limit (his/her) activities in the future? >884s< What is the most serious condition that (he/she) has? >886< What is the next most serious condition, if any? >886f< Does anyone else in your household have any long-term PHYSICAL OR MENTAL CONDITION, ILLNESS OR DISABILITY, which limits what they are able to do, or which is likely to limit their activities in the future? *** The purpose of these questions is to determine whether there are any persons (other than the respondent) living in the respondent's household that have long-term or chronic mental or physical impairments. By "long-term" we mean any condition which has lasted or is expected to last 6 months or more--for example, physical conditions like asthma, diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, arthritis, blindness, cancer, serious back trouble; and mental conditions like recurring or ongoing severe depression, Alzheimer's disease, mental retardation, and schizophrenia. We are not interested in short-term health conditions like a broken arm (unless it is likely to create long-term problems) or the flu. As the questions indicate, health conditions we are interested in may or may not be causing a loss of functioning now (e.g., diabetes that is under control), but may still cause concern for functioning in the future. >886s< Who has such a condition? >886t< Is this a male or a female? >888f< What is the most serious condition that (s/he) has? >888s< What is the next most serious condition that (s/he) has, if any? >890f< Does anyone ELSE in your household have any long-term PHYSICAL OR MENTAL CONDITION, ILLNESS OR DISABILITY, which limits what they are able to do, or which is likely to limit their activities in the future? >890m< Who has such a condition? >891< Is this a male or a female? >892< What is the most serious condition that (s/he) has? >892m< What is the next most serious condition that (s/he) has, if any? >894< Sometimes because of a physical or mental condition, illness, or disability, people have trouble taking care of themselves and require the assistance of friends or relatives. During the last 12 months have you, yourself, GIVEN personal care for a period of ONE MONTH OR MORE to a family member or friend because of a PHYSICAL OR MENTAL condition, illness, or disability? *** It is not necessary that "ONE MONTH OR MORE" be 31 consecutive days. The purpose of these questions is to determine whether the respondent (and their spouse, if married) has given or received special out-of-the-ordinary personal care to/from a friend or family member during the last 12 months (or, if not in the last 12 months, ever) because of physical or mental impairment. We are not interested here in the routine activities of a spouse taking care of household activities (for example, cooking, cleaning, making phone calls) for a healthy spouse or child(ren). We are interested in special personal care given or received because the respondent, their spouse, child, parent, other relative, or friend is physically or mentally not able to take total care of him or herself. >894f< To whom did you GIVE the MOST personal care? >894m< Is this a male or a female? >894s< What condition, illness, or disability caused (him/her) to need personal care? >896< When did you start helping (him/her)? >896m< Are you still helping (him/her)? >896s< Why are you no longer helping? Is it because (he/she) no longer needs care, someone else is helping (him/her), (he/she) is deceased, or for some other reason? >898z< (Does/Did) (he/she) live with you in your household during this period of giving care? >898f< Because of (his/her) limitations (do/did) you provide (him/her) personal help with: Bathing, dressing, eating or going to the bathroom? >898s< Getting around inside the house or going outside? >900< Shopping, cooking, housework or laundry? >900f< Managing money, making phone calls, or taking medications? >900m< In how many different weeks during the past 12 months did you give personal care to (him/her)? >900s< During those weeks, about how many hours per week, on the average, did you help (him/her)? >902< Have you EVER GIVEN personal care for a period of ONE MONTH OR MORE to a family member or friend who, because of a long-term, physical or mental condition, illness or disability was not able to take care of him- or herself? >902f< To whom did you GIVE the MOST personal care? >902m< Is this a male or a female? >908s< Now we would like you to think about personal care that you may have RECEIVED from friends or relatives. During the last 12 months did you RECEIVE personal care for a period of ONE MONTH OR MORE from a family member or friend because of a health condition, illness, or disability? >909< What condition, illness, or disability caused you to need personal care? >910< Who did you RECEIVE the most personal care from? >910f< Is this a male or a female? >910m< Is (he/she) still helping you? >910s< Why is (he/she) no longer helping you? Is it because you no longer need care, someone else is helping you, or for some other reason? >912z< During this period of receiving care (does/did) (he/she) live with you? >912f< Because of your limitations (does/did) (he/she) help you with: Bathing, dressing, eating or going to the bathroom? >912s< Getting around inside the house or getting outside? >914< Shopping, cooking, housework or laundry? >914f< Managing money, making phone calls, or taking medications? >914m< In how many different weeks during the past 12 months did you receive personal care from (him/her)? >914s< During those weeks, about how many hours per week, on the average, did (he/she) help you? >924< Now we would like to ask you a few questions about your (husband/wife). During the last 12 months has your (husband/wife) GIVEN personal care for a period of ONE MONTH OR MORE to a family member or friend because of a PHYSICAL OR MENTAL condition, illness, or disability? We are interested here in personal care that (he/she) (him/her)self gave, not in personal care that you or other members of your household may have given. >924f< Who did (he/she) GIVE the most personal care to? >924m< Is this a male or a female? >924s< In how many different weeks during the past 12 months did your (husband/wife) GIVE help to (him/her)? >926< During those weeks, about how many hours per week, on the average, did your (husband/wife) help (him/her)? >926m< During the last 12 months did your (husband/wife) RECEIVE personal care for a period of ONE MONTH OR MORE from a family member or friend because of a PHYSICAL OR MENTAL condition, illness, or disability? >926s< Who did (he/she) RECEIVE the most personal care from? >928< Is this a male or a female? >928f< In how many different weeks during the past 12 months did your (husband/wife) RECEIVE personal care from (him/her)? >928m< During those weeks, about how many hours per week, on the average, did (he/she) help your (husband/wife)? XXIII. Retirement and future *** These questions examine the current retirement status and plans of the respondent. We first ask whether or not the respondent is currently retired. For persons who are not retired, we try to ascertain when they will stop working. For persons who consider themselves to be retired, we inquire as to any current or anticipated participation in the labor force. We also ask about the retirement status of the spouse. Future plans >934f< Now we would like to ask a few more questions about your plans for the future. If you were free to choose, what would you like to be doing 10 years from now, in terms of your work? Would you like to be working full-time, working part-time, not working, retired, or something else? >934h< Would this be the same kind of work that you are doing now? >934i< What kind of work would you like to be doing? >934g< What would be your principal activities or duties? >934m< What kind of business or industry would that be in? >934s< Would that be working for yourself or for someone else? >936< On a scale from 0 to 10, where 0 equals absolutely no chance, and 10 equals absolutely certain, what do you think the chances are that you will be doing what you want to do 10 years from now? Retirement >936m< We are interested in people's retirement status and their retirement plans. At the present time, do you consider yourself partly retired, completely retired, or not retired at all? *** This question asks the respondent to identify him-/herself as completely retired, partly retired, or not retired at all. These terms and concepts should be familiar to the respondent and should not require the interviewer to supply extensive definitions. We are interested here in learning how the respondent defines him- /herself and not how well they meet some standard criteria that we impose. (If, however, there is confusion about distinguishing "partly" and "completely retired," a rule of thumb might be the respondent's continued participation in the labor force or some other work-related activity for part of the week or part of the year rather than a cessation of all work-related activities.) >936s< When did you (retire/partly retire)? >942m< How about your (husband/wife)? Is (he/she) currently retired, partly retired, working and not retired at all, or not working but not retired at all? >942s< When did (he/she) (retire/partly retire)? >944m< Sometimes people reduce the time they spend working at their jobs. On a scale from 0 to 10, where 0 is absolutely no chance, and 10 is absolutely certain, what are the chances that you will reduce the time you spend working before you stop working altogether? >946s< Now, thinking about work generally and not just your present job. What do you think the chances are that you will be working full-time after you reach age 55? Zero (0) means no chance and 10 means absolutely certain. *** These questions try to ascertain when the respondent will retire by asking if he/she will still be working after specific ages (age 55, 62, and 65). The emphasis in the first item (Q-946s) on "work in general" rather than a specific job is important. People may leave their current job during the period in question but start working at another place of employment or at another position with their current employing organization. >948< And what about the chances that you will be working full-time after you reach age 62? >948f< And after you reach age 65? >948m< When you ( and your (husband/wife) ) decide to retire, do you expect your living standards to increase a lot, increase somewhat, stay about the same, decline somewhat, or decline a lot? *** Retirement frequently corresponds to reduced income and a change in the individuals' standard of living. Here, we ask the respondent to tell us how he/she expects his/her standard of living to change (if at all) when he/she retires (i.e., will it improve or decline and to what extent). Married persons may interpret the "you" in this question as referring to him-/herself and spouse--this is fine. >948s< Sometimes people go back to work after they retire. What are the chances that you will go back to work sometime in the future? Use a scale from 0 to 10, where 0 equals no chance and 10 equals absolutely certain. >952< Since you retired in 19__, have your living standards increased a lot, increased somewhat, stayed about the same, decreased somewhat, or decreased a lot? Conclusion >954f< How far are you from what you'd eventually like to achieve in life? Would you say you are extremely far, somewhat far, or not far at all? >960< I would like to ask you for one more piece of information What is your social security number? >960b< We hope to talk to you again in a few years. If we have your Social Security number, it will be easier for us to find you again. >961< Thank you very much for your cooperation. In the next week, you'll be receiving a short questionnaire in the mail which asks more about your health and lifestyle. This questionnaire typically takes 30 minutes to complete, although many people finish it much more quickly. We appreciate your assistance and we will send you a summary of the survey results in the future. Let me be sure I have your correct address. I have : (Street address, City, State, Zip code). Is this correct?