Volume 28, Number 4 (Fall) 1993
Schultz, T. Paul. 1993. "Investments in the Schooling and Health of Women and Men: Quantities and Returns." Journal of Human Resources 28(4):694-734.
Women's years of school enrollment and health, measured by longevity, have increased by a greater amount then men's in this century in most countries. Private and social returns to schooling and health are reviewed to explain these trends in women's human capital. Sample selection bias caused by analyses of only wage earners does not appear to lower women's private returns to schooling relative to men's. Social returns to education, moreover, favor greater public investment in women than men, particularly in South and West Asia and Africa where school investments in women are much less than in men.
T. Paul Schultz is a professor of economics at Yale University. This paper was originally prepared for the Institute for Policy Reform. The author appreciates the comments on an earlier version of this paper from J. Heckman, B. Hertz, T. W. Schultz, D. Thomas, B. Torrey, and R. Willis. The data used in this article are mainly from published and public sources and those from not readily available sources can be obtained from June 1994 through June 1997 from the author at the following address: Economic Growth Center, Yale University, P.O. Box 1987, Yale Station, New Haven, CT 06520.
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