Volume 23, Number 2 (Spring) 1988

van Praag, Bernard M. S. and Nico L. van der Sar. 1988. "Household Cost Functions and Equivalence Scales." Journal of Human Resources 23(2):193-210.

We describe a simple method to estimate household cost functions and family equivalence scales. It is an alternative to standard methods as it does not assume strong postulates about utility maximization nor any functionality specified model equations. The data requirements are extremely modest. We assume interpersonal ordinal comparability in the sense of Sen (1976) and use empirical evidence for eight European countries and the U.S. to show the feasibility of the method and the stability of its results. We also show that subjective data like those provided by income evaluation questions may be used without adopting a cardinal utility framework.

Van Praag is a professor of economics at the Econometric Institute, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, and a member of the Scientific Council for Government Policy of the Netherlands. Van der Sar is an assistant professor of business finance at Erasmus University in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. When the authors began preparing the paper, Van Praag was affiliated with the Center for Research in Public Economics of Leyden University and a fellow of the Netherlands Institute for the Advancement of the Sciences at Wasenaar. He created this paper's European data set jointly with Aldi Hagenaars and Hans Van Weeren, with financial support from the European Community, Brussels.
    The American data set was made available by Steven Dubnoff of the Survey Research Center, University of Massachusetts, Boston. It was created with support from a grant by the National Science Foundations.
    The authors want to express their gratitude to all institutes and individuals mentioned and also to Reuben Gronau, Aldi Hagenaars, Joop Hartog, and Paul M. C. de Boer, who gave valuable advice during various stages of preparation. They also are grateful to three anonymous referees for valuable suggestions and encouraging advice. They take sole responsibility for all remaining errors and the opinions expressed.


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