Atkinson, Tony, Andrea Brandolini, and Timothy M. Smeeding.
"Producing Time Series Data for Income Distribution: Sources, Methods
and Techniques." No. 295. January 2001. 37 pages.
Abstract: This chapter addresses the important issue of the quality of
time series data on income distribution. We hope to suggest both standards and
practice patterns that will improve the production and use of time series data
on inequality. Thus, we address three groups: primary data producers; secondary
data producers (who assemble databanks from primary data sources), and users. We
consider measurement error in both theory and practice. Along the way we include
a number of practical suggestions for improving the comparability of time series
data and trend analyses for income distribution.
http://lisweb.ceps.lu/publications/wpapersf.htm
Smeeding, Timothy. "The LIS/LES Project: Overview and
Recent Developments." No. 294. January 2002. 23 pages.
Abstract: The Luxembourg Income Study (LIS) project is one of the oldest
and best-known examples of crossnational social science infrastructure. Some 25
nations and 20 sponsors team together to provide internet accessible,
privacy-protected, household income microdata to over 400 users in 30 nations.
The project is financed by annual contributions by 16 nations' National Science
Foundations and/or National Statistical Offices. One of the most crucial pieces
of the LIS structure is the source and type of data that it offers to its users.
This paper describes these data, both for income (LIS) and labor force data
(LES), where they are obtained, harmonized, and made available. It presents a
critical discussion of where the project is today and where and how
international data collection efforts can improve upon both the quality of
income data and its dissemination to qualified researchers. The paper also
explains the benefits to countries such as Japan for joining the LIS project.
http://lisweb.ceps.lu/publications/wpapersf.htm
Jesuit, David and Timothy Smeeding. "Poverty and Income
Distribution." No. 293. January 2002. 13 pages.
Abstract: None available.
http://lisweb.ceps.lu/publications/wpapersf.htm
Mahler, Vincent A. "Exploring the Subnational Dimension of
Income Inequality: An Analysis of the Relationship Between Inequality and
Electoral Turnout in the Developed Countries." No. 292. January
2002. 44 pages.
Abstract: This paper offers an exploratory analysis of the subnational
dimension of income inequality, using data from the Luxembourg Income Study. The
paper undertakes two basic tasks. First, it describes the results of
calculations on household-level income data that produce indicators of intra-
and inter-household inequality for 191 regions in 12 developed countries for the
late 1980s and early 1990s, and for 149 regions in 8 countries for the
mid-1990s. Second, the paper demonstrates the value of regional analysis by
re-examining the relationship between electoral turnout and income inequality,
an important substantive issue which has heretofore been explored almost
entirely at the national or individual level but upon which regional-level
analysis can shed valuable light.
http://lisweb.ceps.lu/publications/wpapersf.htm
Hiilamo, Heikki. "Family Policy Changes at the Micro-Level
in Sweden and Finland During the 1990's." No. 291. January
2002. 42 pages.
Abstract: Up to the 1990s the development of family policy was an integral
part of the success story of the Nordic welfare state. This article aims to
evaluate the impact of legislative amendments to family policy at the
micro-level in Sweden and Finland during the 1990s. We follow the micro-level
development of family policy and assess whether the changes in family policy
during the 1990s led Finland and Sweden away from the Nordic model.
http://lisweb.ceps.lu/publications/wpapersf.htm
Hiilamo, Heikki. "Family Policy Models and Family
Policy Outcomes - A Nordic Perspective." No. 290. January
2002. 40 pages.
Abstract: Constructing typologies or categories of welfare states characterized
social policy research during the last decade. Esping-Andersen's Three Worlds of
Welfare Capitalism (1990) launched an avalanche of typologies. Interest in
cross-national comparisons has been facilitated by several attempts to construct
theoretical models that could capture or summarize the similarities and
differences in contemporary family policies employed in Western industrial
countries. However, contrary to welfare state classifications, there is so far
very little -- if any -- empirical evidence at the institutional or the
individual level to support any family policy typology. This analysis tries to
validate the characteristics of the ideal Nordic family policy model at the
outcome level by using micro-data comparisons between countries representing
different family policy models. The micro datasets are used to describe the
outcomes of family policy models. The unique characteristics of Nordic family
policy are based on the country-specific features suggested by earlier research.
These characteristics are summarized into six indicators on outcome level,
which, in turn, are operationalised and calculated for micro datasets on example
countries of different family policy models. We have as our point of reference a
limited number of countries with different family policy traditions.
http://lisweb.ceps.lu/publications/wpapersf.htm
Kurashige, Yasuhiko and Bong Hwan Cho. "Low Incomes
in Agriculture in OECD Countries." No. 289. December
2001. 124 pages.
Abstract: This study examines low income in agriculture. It uses
microeconomic data and provides an analysis of the incidence of low incomes in
farm households compared to other households. Social security policies as they
affect agricultural households are described and the impact of taxes and
transfers are examined for both farm and non-farm households by comparing
incomes before and after tax and social transfers.
http://lisweb.ceps.lu/publications/wpapersf.htm
Abe, Aya K. "Universalism and Targeting: An
International Comparison using the LIS database." No. 288.
December 2001. 25 pages.
Abstract: In combating poverty, whether or not to design a universal
program or a targeted program has been a perpetual dilemma. The objective of
this paper is to conduct an international comparison of the
"universality" and "targeting" of social security systems.
The paper presents an outline of methodologies used in assessing the
universality and categorical targeting of the poor. Two methodologies are
employed. The first builds on the work of Beckerman and examines how positive
and negative net transfers are distributed using micro-data from eleven
countries; the second employs a logistic regression method to estimate the
effects of the initial poverty gap and categorical status of a household on its
poverty outcome. The data used are drawn from the Luxembourg Income Study (LIS)
database and a micro-data from the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of
Japan.
http://lisweb.ceps.lu/publications/wpapersf.htm
Wienke, A., K. Christensen, A. Skytthe, and A.I. Yashin.
"Genetic analysis of cause of death in a bivariate lifetime model with
dependent competing risks." WP-2002-013. February 2002.
26 pages.
Abstract: A mixture model in multivariate survival analysis is presented,
whereby heterogeneity among subjects creates divergent paths for the
individual's risk of experiencing an event (i.e., disease), as well as for the
associated length of survival. Dependence among competing risks is included and
rendered testable. This method is an extension of the bivariate correlated
gamma-frailty model. It is applied to a data set on Danish twins, for whom
cause-specific mortality is known. The use of multivariate data solves the
identifiability problem which is inherent in the competing risk model of
univariate lifetimes. We analyse the influence of genetic and environmental
factors on frailty. Using a sample of 1470 monozygotic (MZ) and 2730 dizygotic (DZ)
female twin pairs, we apply five genetic models to the associated mortality
data, focusing particularly on death from coronary heart disease (CHD). Using
the best fitting model, the inheritance risk of death from CHD was 0.39
(standard error 0.13). The results from this model are compared with the results
from earlier analysis that used the restricted model, where the independence of
competing risks was assumed. Comparing both cases, it turns out, that
heritability of frailty on mortality due to CHD change substantially. Despite
the inclusion of dependence, analysis confirms the significant genetic component
to an individual's risk of mortality from CHD. Whether dependence or
independence is assumed, the best model for analysis with regard to CHD
mortality risks is an AE model, implying that additive factors are responsible
for heritability in susceptibility to CHD. The paper ends with a discussion of
limitations and possible further extensions to the model presented.
http://www.demogr.mpg.de/Publications/working.htm
Liu, G. "Divorce Risks of Swedish Women in First
Marriages: Two cohorts born in 1950 and 1960."
WP-2002-012. February 2002. 19 pages.
Abstract: In this paper, we study first-marriage divorce risks in two
cohorts of Swedish women, namely, those born in 1950 and 1960. We develop a
hazard model with a piecewise-linear baseline log-hazard. First, we run the
model without unobserved heterogeneity and second, we run the model with such a
term. We have found a divorce pattern for Swedish women similar to what other
researchers have found. Facilitated by having both cohort data and efficient
software (aML), we were able to get a clear picture of the timing pattern of
first marital dissolution risks. Our 1950 cohort model without unobserved
heterogeneity does not produce any biased results; our 1960 cohort model with no
unobserved heterogeneity overestimates the baseline hazard and evidently
underestimates some of the coefficients.
http://www.demogr.mpg.de/Publications/working.htm
Tolke, A. and M. Diewald. "Berufsbiographische
Unsicherheiten und der Ubergang zur Elternschaft bei Mannern."
WP-2002-011. February 2002. 32 pages.
Abstract: In this paper we look at the impact of employment on family
development with reference to men. We investigate the extent to which
insecurities in the employment career have an effect on family formation. By
comparing the life histories and life situation of men in East and West Germany,
we are able to retrieve information about the effects of different social
systems on the transition to fatherhood. We use logistic regression models to
analyze data of the ´Familiensurvey´ of the German Youth Institute conducted
in the year 2000.
http://www.demogr.mpg.de/Publications/working.htm
Kohler, I., J. Kaltchev, and M. Dimova. "Integrated
Information System for Demographic Statistics 'ESGRAON-TDS' in Bulgaria."
WP-2002-010. February 2002. 29 pages.
Abstract: In this paper we describe the Bulgarian statistical system that
provides unique research possibilities for demographic analyses. In particular,
we review the methodology, structure and informational flows for population
registration and the registration of vital events in Bulgaria. In addition, we
describe the main elements of the most recent Bulgarian census from March 1,
2001. In the last part of the paper, we pay special attention to data protection
and data confidentiality issues in Bulgaria.
http://www.demogr.mpg.de/Publications/working.htm
Solis, P. and F.C. Billari. "Work Lives amid Social
Change and Continuity: Occupational Trajectories in Monterrey,
Mexico." WP-2002-009. February 2002. 54 pages.
Abstract: In this paper we use sequence analysis to study the occupational
trajectories between the ages 14 and 30 for men in Monterrey, the third largest
city of Mexico. We build typologies of trajectories based on life-history data
and then explore changes in the frequency of these ´typical´ trajectories over
time as well as differences across socioeconomic groups. Cohort trends reveal
more continuities than changes in occupational trajectories, despite the
structural changes experienced by the city in the last two decades. Career
patterns are closely related to family origins and educational attainment, thus
suggesting the continuing importance of both ascribed and attained
characteristics on occupational outcomes.
http://www.demogr.mpg.de/Publications/working.htm
Engelhardt, H., H. Trappe, and J. Dronkers. "Differences in
Family Policy and the Intergenerational Transmission of Divorce: A
Comparison between the former East and West Germany."
WP-2002-0008. February 2002. 38 pages.
Abstract: The intergenerational transmission of the risk of divorce is a
well-known long-term effect of divorce that has been found in many Western
societies. Less known is the extent to which different family policies and
divorce laws have an effect on the intergenerational transmission of divorce. In
this paper, the division of Germany into two separate states from 1949 until
1990, with the consequent development of two very different family policies, is
regarded as a natural experiment that enables us to investigate the effect of
family policy on the mechanisms underlying the social inheritance of divorce.
Data from respondents from the former East and West Germany participating in the
German Life History Study are analyzed, using multivariate event-history
methods. The results indicate that the strength of the intergenerational divorce
transmission, when adjusted for differences in the divorce level, was lower in
the East than in the West. Differences in marriage age and the timing of first
birth, which are partial indicators of family policy, as well as differences in
religion, could explain this effect. Furthermore, we found a tendency towards a
reduction in the dynamics of divorce transmission over time, both in East and
West Germany.
http://www.demogr.mpg.de/Publications/working.htm
Braun, N. and H. Engelhardt,. "Diffusion Processes and Event History Analysis."
WP-2002-007. February 2002. 27 pages.
Abstract: Several authors (e.g.,
Brüderl, Diekmann, Yamaguchi) derive hazard rate models of event history
analysis from social diffusion processes. This paper also focuses on the
integration of diffusion research
and survival analysis. After a discussion of Diekmann’s flexible diffusion
model, we present an alternative approach
which clarifies theoretical differences between popular
rate models (e.g., the exponential model, log-logistic model, sickle model).
Specifically, this approach provides a new
rationale for the generalized log-logistic model in the
sense of a flexible infection process. In cases with bell-shaped duration
dependence, it thus allows a test
for social contagion as a result of random contacts between actual and potential
adopters. An application to divorce data
serves as an illustration.
http://www.demogr.mpg.de/Publications/working.htm
Borgoni, R. and U.C. Ewert and A. Furnkranz-Prskawetz. "How
important are household demographic characteristics to explain private car use
patterns? A miltilevel approach to Austrian data." WP
2002-006. February 2002. 27 pages.
Abstract: Private car use is one of the major contributors to pollution in
industrialized countries. It is therefore important to understand the factors
that determine the demand for car use. In explaining the variability in car use,
it is important to take into account household demographic characteristics and
local and regional differences in infrastructure, in addition to the economic
variables commonly used in the prevailing literature on the topic. The
appropriate tool to explain car ownership and car use is, therefore, a
multilevel statistical approach. An Austrian household survey from 1997 finds
that household characteristics such as age, gender, education and employment of
the household head, household size and housing quality can effect the
variability of car ownership and car use. The same survey also gives a clear
indication of regional heterogeneity. This heterogeneity persists when we
controlled for the variability of regional economic welfare and infrastructure
as indicated by population density.
http://www.demogr.mpg.de/Publications/working.htm
Kohler, Hans-Peter, Lisbeth B. Knudsen,
Axel Skytthe, and Kaare Christensen. "The Fertility Pattern of
Twins and the General Population Compared: Evidence from Danish Cohorts
1945-64." WP-2002-005. January 2002. 26 pages.
Twin studies
provide an important possibility for demographers to analyze patterns of
heritability and to estimate structural models with controls for endowments.
These possibilities are increasingly used in the context of fertility and
related behaviors. A close congruence between the fertility patterns of twins
and that of the general population, however, is an essential pre-condition in
order to generalize the results of twin-based investigations of fertility and
related behaviors to the general population. In this paper we therefore compare
the fertility of Danish twins born 1945--64 to the fertility pattern of the
general population born during the same period. Our analyses find a very close
correspondence between the fertility pattern of twins and of the general
population. There exist only few statistically significant differences, and the
primary difference pertains to the fact that female twins have a slightly later
onset of childbearing than non-twins. There are virtually no relevant
differences between the fertility patterns of dizygotic and monozygotic
twins.
http://www.demogr.mpg.de/Publications/working.htm
Buber, Isabella. "The influence of the distribution of household
and childrearing tasks between men and women on childbearing intentions in
Austria." WP-2002-004. January 2002. 53
pages.
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to look at the extent to
which the division of household work and childrearing and the perception of how
fair these tasks are divided influence plans of further childbearing. We
concentrate on women with one child and want to look at the question whether a
woman whose partner shares the domestic responsibilities with her wishes to have
a second child more often than a woman with a partner who does not help out. The
data used in this study are drawn from the Austrian Fertility and Family Survey
1995/96, which includes biographies of partnerships and childbearing, detailed
information on the division of household chores and childcare duties between the
two sexes, and the desire for a (another) child. We model the desire for a
second child using a probit model. The major findings of the paper are that
sharing childcare duties among couples is a driving force behind plans of
further childbearing, whereas the division of feminine household tasks between
men and women has no explanatory power. Our results also illustrate that the
satisfaction of a woman with her contribution to childrearing is a predictor of
an increased desire for a second child.
http://www.demogr.mpg.de/Publications/working.htm
Wienke, Andreas, Anne M. Herskind, Kaare Christensen, Axel Skytthe,
and Anatoli I. Yashin.
"The influence of smoking and BMI on heritablity in susceptibility to
coronary heart disease." WP 2002-03. January 2002. 13
pages.
Abstract: Cause-specific mortality data on Danish monozygotic
(MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins are used to analyze the influence of smoking and
body mass index (BMI) on heritability estimates of susceptibility to coronary
heart disease (CHD). The sample includes 1209 like-sexed twin pairs born between
1890 and 1920, where both individuals were still alive and answered a
questionnaire, including information about smoking, height and weight, in 1966.
The analysis was conducted with both sexes pooled due to the relatively small
number of twin pairs. Follow-up was conducted from 1 January 1966 to 31 December
1993. We use the correlated gamma-frailty model with observed covariates for the
genetic analysis of frailty to account for censoring and truncation in the
lifetime data. During the follow-up, 1437 deaths occurred, including 435 deaths
due to CHD. Proportions of variance of frailty attributable to genetic and
environmental factors were analyzed using the structural equation model
approach. Different standard biometric models are fitted to the data to evaluate
the magnitude and nature of genetic and environmental factors on mortality.
Using the best fitting model without covariates, heritability of frailty to CHD
was found to be 0.45 (0.11). This result changes only slightly to 0.54 (0.16)
after controlling for smoking and BMI. This analysis underlines the existence of
a substantial genetic influence on individual frailty associated with mortality
caused by CHD. No evidence for common genetic factors acting on smoking, BMI,
and susceptibility to CHD are found which indicates that the association between
smoking and susceptibility to CHD and BMI and susceptibility to CHD is not
confounded by common genetic factors.
http://www.demogr.mpg.de/Publications/working.htm
Kohlmann, Annette. "Fertility Intentions in a Cross-Cultural
View: The Value of Children Reconsidered." WP 2002-02.
September 2001. 38 pages.
Abstract: This paper seeks to explain the differences in fertility
intentions between Turkey and Japan, based
on a theoretical modification of the social-psychological concept of the ‘Value
of Children’. We assume that the ‘Value of
Children’ consists of their support for their parents in order to achieve
general human goals. We investigate the causal
structure between individual socio-economic characteristics and the ‘Value of Children’ and fertility
intentions.
We use data from the original "Value of Children
Studies", including women in their reproductive age, with children born in wedlock. Based on
confirmatory factor analyses and structural
equation models, we find that in both countries fertility intentions are related
to the instrumentality of children to their
parents as well as to socio-economic characteristics and institutionally defined opportunities. The ‘Value of
Children’ is in part determined by socio-economic independent variables; however, we also observe direct
effects that can not be reduced to the
instrumentality of children. Therefore, the endogenization of the effects of the
‘Value of Children’ on fertility intentions
is limited.
http://www.demogr.mpg.de/Publications/working.htm
Chan, Sewin and Ann Huff Stevens. "How Does Job Loss Affect
the Timing of Retirement?" #8780. February
2002. 35 pages.
Abstract: We use the Health and Retirement Study to examine the effects of
job loss on factors affecting retirement incentives, including earnings, assets
and pensions. We then estimate models of the retirement decision, which take
into account the incentive to retire and any additional effects of displacement
that are not captured by retirement incentives. There are substantial effects of
displacement on retirement incentives as the result of changes to both earnings
and pensions. Displacement significantly increases the probability of
retirement, but only a small fraction of the displacement-induced changes in
retirement behavior and labor force participation are the result of workers
responding to these altered retirement incentives.
http://www.nber.org/new.html#latest)
Gustman, Alan L. and Thomas L. Steinmeier. "Social
Security, Pensions, and Retirement Behavior Within the Family." #8772.
February 2002. 48 pages.
Abstract: This paper estimates a structural model of family retirement
using U.S. data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and from the National
Longitudinal Survey of Mature Women. Estimates using the HRS benefit from
having, for each spouse, earnings histories provided by the respondent and the
Social Security Administration, and employer provided pension plan descriptions.
We find that a measure of how much each spouse values being able to spend time
in retirement with the other accounts for a good portion of the apparent
interdependence of the retirement decisions of husbands and wives. When we
include this measure, the simulations almost double the frequency of predicted
joint retirements. Once estimated, we use the model to investigate the labor
supply effects of alternative social security policies, examining the effect of
dividing credit for earnings evenly between spouses, or of basing social
security benefits on the amounts accumulated in private accounts. Both policies
change the relative importance of spouse and survivor social security benefits
within the household and both raise the relative reward to work later in the
life cycle. The incentives created are modest, and retirement responds
accordingly. Nevertheless, at some ages, such as 65, there may be as much as a 6
percent increase in the old age work force under privatized accounts.
http://www.nber.org/new.html#latest)
Bongaarts, John and Griffith Feeney. "How long do we
live?" No. 156. 2002. 24 pages.
Abstract: Period life expectancy is calculated from age-specific death
rates using life table methods that are among the oldest and most fundamental
tools of demography. These methods are rarely questioned, much less criticized.
Yet changing age patterns of adult mortality in contemporary countries with high
life expectancy provide a basis for questioning the conventional use of
age-specific death rates and life tables. This paper argues that when the mean
age at death is rising, period life expectancy at birth as conventionally
calculated overestimates life expectancy. Estimates of this upward bias, ranging
from 1.6 years for the United States and Sweden to 3.3 years for Japan for
1980–95, are presented. A similar bias in the opposite direction occurs when
mean age at death is falling. These biases can also distort trends in life
expectancy as conventionally calculated and may affect projections of future
trends in period life expectancy.
http://www.popcouncil.org/publications/wp/prd/rdwplist.html#2000
Zimmer, Zachary, Linda G. Martin, and Ming-Cheng Chang, "Changes
in functional limitations and survival among the elderly in Taiwan: 1993, 1996,
and 1999." No. 155. 2002. 25 pages.
Abstract: This paper focuses on changes in the prevalence of functional
limitations among nationally representative samples of adults aged 65 and older
in Taiwan as measured in 1993, 1996, and 1999. Using data from the Survey of
Health and Living Status of the Elderly in Taiwan, we investigate changes in
difficulties walking and climbing stairs, two tasks that represent basic lower
body movements that are less likely to be influenced by changes in living
environments and social roles than are activities of daily living and
instrumental activities of daily living. Results are shown for both unadjusted
prevalence rates and rates adjusted for changes in population composition.
Findings indicate that Taiwan does not appear to be experiencing the
improvements in functioning that have been witnessed recently in the United
States. The prevalence of functional limitation increased between 1993 and 1996
and between 1996 and 1999. One possible reason for the increase in limitation is
the change in old-age survival in Taiwan, which appeared over the study period
to have benefited those who have functional limitations, especially in a severe
form. The country’s Universal Health Insurance program, established in 1995,
may have increased access to care and thus survival of those in poorest health.
http://www.popcouncil.org/publications/wp/prd/rdwplist.html#2000
Hewett, Paul C. and Mark R. Montgomery. "Poverty and public
services in developing-country cities." No. 154. 2001. 67
pages.
Abstract: In
developing countries, neither households nor firms can count on having access to
basic public services. Households lacking adequate water supply and sanitation
face elevated health risks; firms and micro-enterprises lacking electricity and
water face higher costs of production. For reasons such s these, the inadequate
provision of public services can compromise health, hinder economic growth, and
stymie efforts to reduce poverty. This paper examines the availability of
services in the cities and towns of developing countries, using data drawn from
the Demographic and Health Surveys. Particular attention is given to the urban
poor, who will form a group of increasing numerical and policy significance as
levels of urbanization rise. We find that wide rural-urban gaps remain in
service delivery, and that smaller cities—where about half of urban residents
live—are notably under-served by comparison with larger cities. Poor urban
households are much less likely than other urban households to enjoy access to
public services. Inequities such as these underscore the need for continued
public sector investments in service delivery. But the political economy of
urban governance is changing in a way that may well frustrate efforts to improve
services. Across the developing world, national governments are increasingly
decentralizing their service delivery functions to lower tiers of government,
often without making commensurate transfers of funds or revenue-raising
authority. As nation-states recede from the local scene, local governments may
be left without the means to fill the gaps in service delivery.
http://www.popcouncil.org/publications/wp/prd/rdwplist.html#2000
Montgomery, Mark R., Gebre-Egziabher Kiros, Dominic Agyeman, John B.
Casterline, Peter Aglobitse, and Paul C. Hewett, "Social networks and
contraceptive dynamics in southern Ghana." No. 153. 2001.
49 pages.
Abstract: There is accumulating evidence that social diffusion processes
affect the pace of the adoption of modern contraception in societies undergoing
fertility transition. In settings where mortality has declined and many other
social and economic changes are underway, decisions about contraception are
fraught with uncertainty and risk. In such circumstances, couples may rely on
other persons for information and guidance. In this paper, we examine the
influence of informal social networks on the contraceptive behavior of
reproductive-age women, using longitudinal data collected in six communities in
southern Ghana. Our results confirm the hypothesis that adop-tion of modern
contraception is strongly affected by the reproductive attitudes and behaviors
of social network partners. What might be termed “social contagion” ac-celerates
the adoption of contraception. Finally, our data reveal that social networks are
structured along the lines of social, economic, and cultural characteristics,
suggesting further pathways by which socioeconomic variables can influence
reproductive behavior.
http://www.popcouncil.org/publications/wp/prd/rdwplist.html#2000
Knodel, John and Chanpen Saengtienchai. "AIDS and Older Persons:
The View from Thailand." No. 02-497. February 2002. 39 pages.
Abstract: Although little attention
has been paid to older adults in the context of the global AIDS epidemic, they
not only can contract HIV themselves
but, far more commonly, they experience multiple consequences as in their
role as parents of younger adults who become ill and die from AIDS. Older
persons also make significant
contributions to the well-being of younger adults who suffer from AIDS by
playing a major role in caregiving to
their infected sons and daughters and by assuming the role of foster parents for
their grandchildren who are left
behind as AIDS orphans emphasizing the consequences for and the contributions
by older persons in their role as AIDS parents. The analysis is based primarily
on interviews with key informants
about individual AIDS cases and their families; direct survey interviews with
AIDS parents and a comparison group
of older persons; and in-depth interviews with AIDS parents. The first two
permit quantitative analysis while the third is suited for qualitative analysis.
http://141.211.200.59/pubs/FMPro?-db=items&-lay=web&-format=results.html&-max=30&series+code=rr&-SortField=pubyear&-SortOrder=descend&-SortField=Month+Number&-SortOrder=descend&-token=verb&-find
Frey, William H. "Metro Magnets for Minorities and Whites:
Melting Pots, the New Sunbelt, and the Heartland ." No. 02-496.
February 2002. 19 pages.
Abstract: The recent census
trends make apparent that the US is not close to becoming a single melting pot,
where each minority group both spreads and
blends evenly from coast to coast. Rather than forming
a homogenous, national melting pot, America’s racial demographic landscape is
becoming more distinctly regional in its
makeup. As such, commentators, marketers and political analysts
will need to make distinctions between the nation’s "Multiple Melting
Pots", its more suburban-like
"New Sunbelt," its predominantly white " Heartland".
This report examines 1990-2000 changes in racial concentration and change among the nation’s metropolitan areas, and counties to support this view It identifies only a handful of metropolitan areas with demographic profiles that qualify them as potential "melting pots" and even fewer where the population turned to a "majority minority" since the previous decennial census.
Recent regional racial shifts make plain that: as blacks return to the South,
as melting pot regions become infused
with more immigrants, as the New Sunbelt attracts more coastal suburbanites,
and as the non-growing northern heartland
remains mostly white, America’s regions are evolving in
decidedly different directions. It is important for commentators, political
analysts, and those that monitor
consumer behavior to take cognizance of these sharp regional divisions, rather
than maintaining the illusion of a
national melting pot.
http://141.211.200.59/pubs/FMPro?-db=items&-lay=web&-format=results.html&-max=30&series+code=rr&-SortField=pubyear&-SortOrder=descend&-SortField=Month+Number&-SortOrder=descend&-token=verb&-find
Knodel, John, Susan Watkins, and Mark VanLandingham. "AIDS
and Older Persons: An International Perspective." No. 02-495.
January 2002. 21 pages.
Abstract: The impact of the
worldwide AIDS epidemic on persons age 50 and over has received relatively
little consideration except in the United States where interest has focused
almost exclusively on older persons
living with AIDS or at risk of infection. The place of older persons in the
epidemic deserves international
attention because their lives are being significantly affected in a variety of
ways. Since most of the epidemic
occurs in the developing regions, especially Africa and Asia, efforts to
understand and deal with the
concerns of older persons in relation to AIDS in those settings needs expansion.
Although older persons represent a
non-negligible minority of the reported global caseload, a far higher proportion
are affected through the illness and death
of their adult children and younger generation relatives who contract
AIDS. From a global perspective, a broader concern encompassing those who are
affected through the infections of
others rather than a narrow concern with those who are at risk or infected
themselves is called for if the needs of
the large majority of older persons adversely impacted by the epidemic
is to be addressed.
http://141.211.200.59/pubs/FMPro?-db=items&-lay=web&-format=results.html&-max=30&series+code=rr&-SortField=pubyear&-SortOrder=descend&-SortField=Month+Number&-SortOrder=descend&-token=verb&-find
Lundberg, Shelly and Elaina Rose. "Child Gender and the
Transition to Marriage." No. 02-1. October 2001. 29
pages.
Abstract: We estimate the effect of
a child’s gender on the mother’s probability of marriage or remarriage
using data from the PSID Marital History and Childbirth and Adoption History
Files. We find that the birth
of a son speeds the transition into marriage when the child is born nonmaritally.
A competing risks analysis shows that this effect derives solely from the
increased probability of marriage
to a son’s father. We find no significant effect of child gender on the
mother’s remarriage probabilities when
children are born within a previous marriage.
http://csde.washington.edu/pubs/wps/
Wu, Lawrence L. "Event History Models for Life Course
Analysis." 2001-17. February 2002. 42 pages.
Abstract: None available.
http://www.ssc.wisc.edu/cde/cdewp/home.htm
Guinnane, Timothy W., Carolyn Moehling, and Cormac Ó Gráda.
"Fertility in South Dublin a Century Ago: A First Look."
#838. November 2001. 44 pages.
Abstract: Ireland’s relatively late and
feeble fertility transition remains poorly-understood. The leading
explanations stress the role of Catholicism and a conservative social ethos.
This paper reports the first results from a
project that uses new samples from the 1911 census of Ireland to study
fertility in Dublin and Belfast. Our larger project aims to use the extensive
literature on the fertility transition
elsewhere in Europe to refine and test leading hypotheses in their Irish
context. The present paper uses a
sample from the Dublin suburb of Pembroke to take a first look at the questions,
data, and methods. This sample is much larger than those used in previous
studies of Irish fertility, and is the first
from an urban area. We find considerable support for the role of religion,
networks, and other factors stressed in the literature on the fertility
transition, but the data also show a role
for the social-class effects downplayed in recent discussions.
http://www.library.yale.edu/socsci/egcdis2.html
Compiled by: Kari Swanson - Library Assistant
Center for Demography
and Ecology Information Services
Rm. 4471 Social Science Building
1180
Observatory Drive
Madison, WI 53706-1393 USA
Email: kswanson@ssc.wisc.edu